Isithombe - Wikimedia / Luis Fernández García
Uphayini wamatshe uyisihlahla esisithola kulo lonke elaseMedithera. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa emapaki, izingadi ngisho nanjengengxenye yezihlahla zasemadolobheni. Njengophayini we-Aleppo noma I-Pinus halepensis, ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingakhula emabhishi, ibanga elifushane ukusuka olwandle, ngakho kuwuhlobo oluthakazelisayo lapho luhlala eduze nogu, lapho inhlabathi impofu ngezakhi futhi inosawoti omningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akulona uhlobo olufunayo, kodwa akufanele iswele ilanga eliqondile usuku lonke (noma ingxenye enkulu yosuku), kanye nesikhala esiningi, ngoba akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi izimpande zezihlahla zikaphayini zinde kakhulu futhi zinamandla, zikwazi ukuphula amapayipi kanye naphansi.
Unjani uphayini wamatshe?
Isithombe – Wikimedia/Javier Mediavilla Ezquibela
Uphayini wetshe noma I-Pinus pinea iyisihlahlana esihlala siluhlaza lokho ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amahlanu kuya kwayishumi, ukwazi ukufinyelela amamitha angu-50 ngezikhathi ezingavamile. Kusukela esemncane ithuthukisa umqhele oyindilinga, okhula kancane kancane, wamukele ukuma kwesambulela ngokukhula. Amaqabunga ayi-cicular, aluhlaza, futhi angaba ngamasentimitha angu-15-20 ubude.
Uma sikhuluma ngamaphayinaphu, anesimo se-oval futhi angaba ngamasentimitha angu-12 ubude. Amantongomane kaphayini, okungukuthi, imbewu yawo, anokulinganisa isentimitha elingu-1, futhi anenyama. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi zithatha isikhathi eside ukuvuthwa; empeleni, azikhiwa esihlahleni kuze kube yikwindla ngisho nezinyanga zasebusika.
Zikhula kuphi?
Kuyi-conifer etholakala kokubili eningizimu yeYurophu naseNtshonalanga ye-Asia. Ingenye yezinhlobo ezakha ihlathi elivamile laseMedithera, nakuba kwezinye izindawo itholakala futhi emabhishi, njengaseziQhingini zaseBalearic, ihlanganyela indawo yokuhlala ne Iphayini le-Aleppo.
Ngakho-ke, i-conifer ekwazi ukumelana nesomiso sasehlobo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elivamile lalezi zindawo, nokuntuleka kwezakhi emhlabathini. Kodwa akuwona uphayini ongazweli kakhulu; Ngaphezu kwalokho: isithwathwa esimaphakathi singayilimaza, futhi kutuswa kakhulu ukuyivikela uma yehla ngaphansi kuka -10ºC.
Isebenzani?
Kuyinto isitshalo nge ukusetshenziswa okuningi:
- isihlahla sasemadolobheni
- Isitshalo sokuhlobisa ezingadini
- Amantongomane kaphayini asetshenziswa ku-confectionery
- Ukhuni lusetshenziswa emsebenzini wokubaza
yini ayidingayo I-Pinus pinea?
Isithombe – Wikimedia/Giancarlodessi
Uphayini wamatshe awudingi okuningi ukuze uphile kahle: uma usendaweni enelanga, uthola amanzi ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ungakhula endaweni lapho kungekho khona ezinye izihlahla eziseduze, ngokuqinisekile uzohlala iminyaka eminingi. Empeleni, ubude bokuphila balesi sihlahla cishe iminyaka engu-300.
Ngakho-ke uma ufuna umndeni wakho ukujabulele izizukulwane ezimbalwa, nali umhlahlandlela wokunakekela Sincoma ukuthi unikeze:
Indawo
Sikhuluma ngesitshalo esikhulu futhi esidinga ukuchayeka elangeni eliqondile, ngakho kubalulekile ukuba nayo phesheya. Ngokufanayo, okuhle kuyoba ukutshala emhlabathini wengadi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba akusona isihlahla esingagcinwa ebhodweni iminyaka eminingi (ngaphandle uma sithenwa ukuze sigcinwe njengesihlahla esincane. noma njenge-bonsai).
Futhi njengoba izimpande zawo zinde futhi zinamandla kakhulu, kufanele ibekwe kude - okungenani amamitha ayishumi- ukusuka echibini, kwezinye izihlahla, phansi okugandayiwe, nanoma yini enye engase iphuke, njengamapayipi.
Umhlaba
- Engadini, iyokhula ngaphandle kobunzima cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi. Manje, uma kuwumhlabathi ohlangene kakhulu, oqina futhi ohlangene ngesikhathi eside sesomiso, sincoma ukumba umgodi imitha engu-1 ukujula bese uxuba ne-perlite ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.
- Okubunjiwe, kuzoba ngcono ukubeka i-universal substrate (iyathengiswa lapha), noma eyodwa yezitshalo eziluhlaza njenge lokhu.
Ukunisela
Imelana nesomiso kahle kakhulu, kodwa kuphela uma itshalwe emhlabathini futhi isineminyaka engu-1-2 ikhona. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele uwunisele 1 noma 2 izikhathi ngesonto, kuye ngesimo sezulu: ukufudumala nokushisa, ukuchelela okuningi kuyodingeka.
Njalo uma idlala, sizothela amanzi phansi, sizama ukucwilisa.
Umbhalisile
Kufanele ikhokhwe kuphela uma isebhodweni, njengoba inani lomhlaba lilinganiselwe, kanjalo nemisoco. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sincoma ukuyivundisa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, futhi ngenxa yalokhu ungasebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi noma we-granulated noma umanyolo.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa futhi uyilandele, ngaphandle kwalokho ungase udlule.
Ukuphindaphinda
Isithombe - Flickr / S. Rae
El I-Pinus pinea iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu (amantongomane kaphayini). Lezi zingahlwanyelwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo ezimbizeni isibonelo. Kungenziwa futhi ngamathreyi ezithombo zehlathi noma amaphilisi e-peat (Jiffy) cishe amasentimitha angama-3-4.
Njenge-substrate, izosebenza umhlaba wonke wokulima, nakuba izoba nenani elithile lemibhede yembewu. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, akufanele ungcwatshwe ngaphezu kwesentimitha elingu-1, futhi uzame ukungazinqwabelani.
Uma esemusha, azoqhuma ezinyangeni ezi-1 noma ezi-2.
Isibindi
Isekela kuze kufike ku -12ºC, kodwa ikhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele, nesithwathwa esibanda kakhulu.
Uphayini wamatshe uyisitshalo esihle kakhulu, awucabangi?