I-Yew (Taxus baccata)

El yew Kuyisihlahla esikhula kancane kakhulu, kodwa njengoba kuvame ukuba njalo ngalolu hlobo lwesitshalo, singaphila isikhathi eside, eside: iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Futhi kulokhu, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa amandla ayo ukuze ikhule kancane, ekwenzayo ukuzivikela ngokusemandleni ayo ezitheni zayo. Eqinisweni, okuwukuphela kwento eyayingadliwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga i-aril, okungukuthi, ingxenye eyinyama yesithelo, ebomvu lapho inqubo yaso yokuvuthwa isiphelile.

Sizoyithola ezwenikazi laseYurophu, ngaphezu kwe-United Kingdom. Ukuze kucace kakhudlwana, kufanele kushiwo lokho ikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu sipholile, okungukuthi, lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku--25ºC lincane, futhi ama-degree angama-30 amahle kakhulu. Isekela amakhaza kangcono kakhulu kunokushisa, ngakho izobukeka inempilo kakhulu, isibonelo, ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu kunaseduze nolwandle.

Yini i-yew?

Ukushova kuyisihlahlana esihlala siluhlaza esifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angama-20, ngezinye izikhathi amamitha angu-28, futhi egcina ikhula isiqu esiwugqinsi esingamasentimitha angu-60 ububanzi. Umqhele uthi awufani, ubanzi phansi, futhi uminyene kakhulu. Amaqabunga ayi-lanceolate, aluhlaza okotshani, futhi ubude bawo bungamasentimitha ayi-5.

Izimbali zakhona zodwa, futhi ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.. Lezi azifani nobulili, futhi zivela ngezibonelo ezahlukene. Isithelo siyisigaxa esingase kudidaniswe nejikijolo elincane, elingangesentimitha elingu-1 ububanzi, elinenyama ngakho-ke lithambile. Lokhu kuvikela imbewu evame ukuthatha iminyaka emibili ukuthi imile.

Ngolimi oluvamile noma oludumile lwaziwa ngamagama amaningana ahlukene, njenge-yew emnyama, i-yew yaseYurophu, noma i-yew evamile. Manje, igama layo lesayense linye kuphela futhi liyilo I-Taxus baccata.

Kuyini?

Lesi isihlahla osekungamakhulu eminyaka saba naso futhi sinokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu:

• Madera: lokhu kunzima kodwa kuyavumelana nezimo, ngakho kwakusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-arches, kanye namafreyimu nefenisha yazo zonke izinhlobo.
• Umhlobiso wamasonto asemaphandleni nezindawo ezifanayo: njengoba i-yew isinesikhathi eside kangaka, kwabaningi isihlahla esingcwele, yingakho itshalwe futhi itshalwa namuhla ezindaweni zenkolo.
• Isitshalo sokuhlobisa: engadini, njengesifanekiso esingasodwa, sibukeka sisihle kakhulu. Nokho, njengoba kunezihlahla ezifanayo kodwa ezikhula ngokushesha, njengeThuja, i-yew evamile ayisasetshenziswa njengakuqala.

Iyiphi ingxenye ye-yew enobuthi?

Ngempela zonke izingxenye zawo, ngaphandle kwengxenye yenyama yesithelo. Umthamo ophakathi kuka-50 kuya ku-100 amagremu wamaqabunga uthathwa njengobulalayo, kodwa empeleni kokubili imbewu namagxolo nakho kuyingozi uma kudliwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusesitshalweni noma emhlabathini.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi aqukethe uchungechunge lwama-alkaloid asebenza enhliziyweni, okwenza ukuba iyeke ukushaya. Ngakho-ke, akufanele neze ukusebenzise, ​​ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.

Zikuphi izihlahla ze-yew eSpain?

El I-Taxus baccata ukhona ikakhulukazi enyakatho yenhlonhlo, kodwa nasezifundeni ezinezintaba zaseMedithera kuhlanganise neSierra de Tramuntana (Mallorca).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kweSpain ikhula eNyakatho Afrika, nakwezinye izingxenye zeYurophu njengeJalimane, iFrance noma i-Italy.

Yini oyidingayo ukuze uphile?

Uma ufuna ukuba ne- I-Taxus baccataMhlawumbe into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ube nayo ukubekezela. Njengoba sesishilo, ikhula kancane. Sikhuluma ngokuthi ikwazi ukukwenza ngesilinganiso esingaba amasentimitha amahlanu ngonyaka, mhlawumbe ayishumi uma izimo zizinhle ngempela.

Kodwa noma kunjalo, kuwumuthi onenani elikhulu lokuhlobisa, ongagcinwa ebhodweni iminyaka, bese utshalwa ensimini ngokushesha nje lapho ufinyelela ukuphakama kwesigamu semitha. Manje, uma singafuni ukuchitha imali, kufanele sazi izidingo zabo eziyisisekelo:

Isimo sezulu esipholile esinehlobo elipholile

Sesike saphawula ngalokhu ngaphambilini, kodwa kubalulekile ukukugcizelela ngoba uma sithola eyodwa futhi siphila, isibonelo, endaweni lapho amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-38 noma 40ºC ehlobo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuzoba nesikhathi esibi..

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma inhloso yethu kuwukutshala emhlabathini, kufanele line njalo unyaka wonke, njengoba isihlahla esingamelani nesomiso.

umhlabathi ocebile ngezinto eziphilayo

I-yew ayikwazi ukumila emhlabathini ompofu. Idinga ukuvunda, futhi ibe nokuthungwa kwesiponji. Ingakhula kuyo yomibili inhlabathi ene-alkaline ne-asidi, kodwa kufanele ibe nokugeleza okuhle kakhulu; okungukuthi, uma lina noma liniselwa, kufanele kubonakale ukuthi amanzi amuncwa ngesilinganiso esihle.

Uma ukhetha ukuba nayo ebhodweni, ngincoma ukuthi uthole i-substrate ukuthi, nakuba ingase ibize kakhulu kunezinye, izoba sezingeni elingcono, njengalena evela. I-BioBizz noma jikelele we I-Fertiberia.

Iminikelo yokubhalisa evamile

Kuyathakazelisa ikakhulukazi ukuyikhokha uma itshalwe ebhodweni., njengoba isitshalo sichitha umhlaba esinawo esitsheni. Kodwa ungafaka nomanyolo uma usengadini. Kunoma yikuphi, kufanele kwenziwe ngemva kokuba amaqhwa aphelile, futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.

Ezinye izivundisi ezinhle ze-yew, isibonelo, i-guano noma ubulongwe bezilwane ezidla uhlaza. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo eziluhlaza njenge lokhuinqobo nje uma imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa ilandelwa.

Isibindi

Ukushova isekela kuze kufike ku- -25ºC, kodwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu akufanele lidlule ku-35ºC njengoba lingalimala.

Ucabangani nge-yew? Ungalokotha ube nayo engadini yakho?