Isihlahla seCarob (Ceratonia siliqua)

Isihlahla se-carob sisihlahla esijwayelekile saseMedithera yaseSpain. Kuvamile ukuzithola ezindaweni ezivulekile, kodwa nasezinsimini eziningi zendabuko. Umlimi uthole ukusetshenziswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwayo, futhi nathi njengabalimi singakujabulela, umthunzi ominyene ohlinzekwa amagatsha awo kanye nenani lawo lokuhlobisa elikhula kuphela njengoba likhula.

Siphinde sikhulume ngesitshalo ukuthi isinda esomiso esivamile saseMedithera, esingahlala kalula izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kanye nezikhukhula ezibangelwa izimvula ezinamandla ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.

Iyini i-carob?

Isihlahla se-carob yisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esitholakala endaweni yaseMedithera. Ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama uma inikezwa ithuba futhi uma ikhula yodwa, nakuba kusengadini okuvame kakhulu ukubona ama-specimens, okungenani, amamitha angu-5-6. Inkomishi iyindilinga, yakhiwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza we-paripinnate.

Isiqu sawo sihlala sizacile lapho sisencane, kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka singafinyelela cishe kumasentimitha angama-60-70 ubukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqinile kakhulu, nakuba ngokuhamba kweminyaka ijwayele ukusonteka. Izimpande zawo ziqinile futhi zinde, zifinyelela kumamitha angama-40 ukusuka esiqwini., izimfanelo ezimbili ezibavumela ukuba bafune futhi babambe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.

Kepha izimbali zincane, azinawo amacembe, futhi ziluhlaza ngokukhanyayo. Ahluma eziqwini zezimbali emagatsheni amadala, futhi enze kanjalo entwasahlobo. Izithelo ziwubhontshisi we-carob, ama-pods ansundu aqinile anokulinganisa amasentimitha angama-30. Ngaphakathi sizobona ukuthi aqukethe i-rubbery pulp evikela imbewu.

Yebo, le-pulp iyadliwa, imnandi ngokunambitheka. “Ububi” ukuthi iqala ukuthela cishe eminyakeni engu-7 ngemva kokutshala, kodwa uma isiqalile, ingakhiqiza amakhilogremu angu-200 ama-pods, avunwa ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Igama layo lesayensi ngu ICeratonia siliqua, kodwa yaziwa kakhulu ngamagama avamile: i-carob, i-carob evamile, i-carob, i-garrofera, i-black carob, i-carob, i-carob. Kubalulekile ukusihlukanisa nesihlahla se-carob saseMelika, esiyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Prosopis, okuyisihlahla esivame ukuba nameva, futhi esinamaqabunga ama-bipinnate acwebe kakhulu kune ICeratonia siliqua.

Kuyini?

Empeleni, isihlahla se-carob saseMedithera sisetshenzisiwe futhi sisasetshenziswa nanamuhla njengefolishi, ukunikeza umthunzi, ne-pulp futhi njengokudla. Ukusetshenziswa kwakamuva nje ukusetshenzwa njengebhonsai: njengoba ikhula kancane, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ibhonsai ye-carob ecishe iphelele.

Imbewu ayidleki. Banzima kakhulu. Kodwa zikhonza into eyodwa: zitshale. Ukuthola isihlahla esinjengalesi kuzothatha isikhathi, kodwa kuyisipiliyoni esizosisiza sifunde ukuthi sikhula kanjani nokuthi singasinakekela kanjani.

Okokugcina, ukhuni luqinile kakhulu futhi luyamelana, ngakho luyaziswa ngokwenza ifenisha nemisebenzi yezandla.

Izakhiwo zesihlahla se-carob

I-Pulp i-antidiarrheal, futhi iyasuthisa ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ukwehlisa isisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubhontshisi wesikhonyane ophuma embewini usetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier kanye nokuqina.

Izinhlobo ze-carob

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zihlukaniswa, njengalezi:

• Matafela: ngama-pods abomvu amnyama.
• MushyIsithelo: esinezithelo ezibomvu-nsundu, kanye ne-pulp emhlophe futhi eningi kakhulu.
• I-Negrete: enama-pods amnyama kanye ne-pulp ewugqinsi.
• roja: enezimbotshana ezincane kanye ne-pulp emhlophe.

Uzinakekela kanjani?

Ngempela, lesi yisihlahla esidinga ukunakekelwa kuphela uma sisencane futhi/noma sisebhodweni, noma uma isimo sezulu singesona esikahle kakhulu. Ezindaweni zabo zokuzalwa, isibonelo esiqhingini saseMajorca, izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu yilezo eziphansi, ezikhulela ngokwazongaphandle kokukhathazeka ngabo. Manje, kuyiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi iwuhlobo lwezilwane eziphila kuzo zonke izindawo.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ibekwe kuphi, ukuthi ungayinisela kaningi kangakanani, nokuthi iyiphi inhlabathi eyidingayo, phakathi kweminye imininingwane:

Isimo sezulu

Siqala ngalokho engicabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu: isimo sezulu. Isihlahla se-carob singaba isitshalo esilula kakhulu ukusinakekela uma izimo zezulu zilungile., ngisho, yebo:

• izinkathi ezine zonyaka zihlukaniswa,
• Imvula encane engu-350mm iwa ngonyaka,
• kukhona isithwathwa, kodwa kufika ku -7ºC kuphela futhi ngezikhathi ezithile
• izinga lokushisa eliphezulu alidluli ku-45ºC

Indawo

ngaphandle njalo, njengoba kuyimbewu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unikeze ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, kungenjalo ngeke ikwazi ukukhula.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, masikhumbule ukuthi inezimpande ezinde, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi itshalwe okungenani amamitha ayishumi ukusuka lapho sinamapayipi.

umhlaba kanye nokuchelela

Ikhula enhlabathini ye-limestone ekwazi ukungena kahle (okungukuthi, bamunca amanzi futhi bawahlunge ngenani elihle). Uma unayo ebhodweni, ungasebenzisa i-substrate yendawo yonke inqobo nje uma iqukethe i-perlite ekubunjweni kwayo, njengalena evela. lapha.

Ngokuqondene nokunisela, kuzokwenziwa ngokulinganisela. Ngenkathi isencane izoniselwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto ehlobo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile unyaka wonke; kodwa uma isitshalwe emhlabathini iyokwanela ukuyinisela ngezikhathi ezithile kusukela onyakeni wesibili kuqhubeke.

Umbhalisile

Ingavundiswa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isibonelo ngomanyolo owuketshezi noma oyimpuphu. I-guano (iyathengiswa lapha), umquba, umquba womnyundu (uyathengiswa lapha), noma i-compost izokusiza ube nempilo enhle.

Izinambuzane

Kunzima kakhulu. Okuodwa inkinga (okungenjalo ngempela) engikubonile ukuthi, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, izintuthwane zingasebenzisa isiqu namagatsha awo njengemigwaqo.

Izifo

Ingahlaselwa yisikhunta uma isiniselwe kakhulu kanye/noma uma inhlabathi ingenawo amanzi ahlanzekile. Izinhlobo eziwuthintayo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• I-Aspidiotus sulphureus
• I-Pseudocercospora ceratoniae (Cercospioris of the carob tree)
• I-Rosellinia necatrix

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi: ukubola kwezimpande, ukuwa kwamaqabunga, ukubonakala kwesikhunta esimhlophe phansi kwesiqu, ukufa kwamagatsha. Ukuyivimba, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi idonsa amanzi kahle, futhi uma kungenjalo, thatha izinyathelo ukuze kube njalo. Isibonelo, ukufaka amapayipi okukhipha amanzi noma ukudala ama-slopes.

Futhi-ke, kufanele futhi ugweme ukuchelela ngokweqile.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-carob iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu ekwindla, ngemva kokuvuna izithelo zawo. Zitshalwe embizeni ene-peat exutshwe nedlanzana le-perlite, futhi ishiywe ngaphandle. Bayoqhuma kuyo yonke intwasahlobo.

Ucabangeni nge-carob?