Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis)

El UPinus halepensis Yi-conifer ekhula ngokukhawuleza ehlala kunxweme lweMeditera, indawo yam yemvelaphi. Ndiyibonile isenza amahlathi, ikhula emaweni, kumasimi avulekileyo nanjengomthi wegadi, kwaye ndingatsho ngaphandle kokuthandabuza ukuba sisityalo esiguquguqukayo kakhulu.

Kodwa rhoqo, rhoqo kufuneka ibe kwindawo apho imitha yelanga iwela kuyo ngokuthe ngqo. Uyayidinga. Kuphela ke kuya kuba nethuba lokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye namandla.

Iimpawu ze UPinus halepensis

El UPinus halepensis, eyaziwa ngokuba yiAleppo pine okanye iAleppo pine, Yi-evergreen conifer enokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-25 ubude.. Isiqu sayo sithe tye ngexesha lobutsha balo, kodwa njengoko iminyaka ihamba iye ithande ukugoba (kwaye ndikholelwe xa ndikuxelela, inokugoba kancinci ukuba ukusinda kuxhomekeke kuyo, ibe gwenxa ukuba kuyimfuneko).

Isithsaba ekuqaleni sijikelezwe kwaye sihlangene, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha siba singaqhelekanga. Amagqabi agqagqene, aluhlaza kwaye anomzimba wolusu oluthiwa ziinaliti.. Ezi zihlala iinyanga ezininzi kwisityalo, kodwa xa zifikelela ekupheleni kobomi bazo zoma kwaye ziwe, zishiya indawo entsha.

Iicones zayo zincinci, malunga ne-5-12 centimeters ubude, kwaye zivelisa ngamanani amaninzi entwasahlobo-ehlobo, emva kweentyantyambo.

Ifumaneka phi iAleppo pine?

Ngumthi ohlala kummandla weMeditera. Ngamanye amazwi, sinokuyifumana eSpeyin (isiqingatha esisempuma sikasingasiqithi kunye neZiqithi zeBalearic), kumzantsi-mpuma nasempuma yeFransi, eGrisi, eItali, eMzantsi Asia, yaye ifikelela kuMntla Afrika.

Ihlala ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwi-1600 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle., kwiindawo ezinelanga. Idla ngokwenza amahlathi abizwa ngokuba ngamahlathi epine, nangona ikwakwanti.

Uphila ixesha elingakanani iAleppo pine?

Malunga neminyaka eyi-150-180. Sisityalo esiphila ixesha elide ukuba sithathela ingqalelo into yokuba sikholisa ukuhlala kwimimandla ebharhileyo, enamaqondo obushushu anokudlula ngokulula kwi-35ºC kwaye ahlale ngaphezulu kwe-20ºC iiveki ezininzi ehlotyeni.

Ubusika beMeditera buphakathi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo, kusenokubakho iqabaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12ºC, kodwa xa isezantsi iphakamile, iya kuba khaphukhaphu. Enyanisweni, ukukunika umbono, apho ndihlala khona amaqondo obushushu ehla kuphela ukuya ku -1,5ºC okanye -2ºC ngamaxesha athile.

Zeziphi izinto ezisetyenziselwa yona?

El UPinus halepensis sisityalo esithi isetyenziswe kakhulu ekuhlaziyweni kwamahlathi. Ndiyabulela kwiingcambu zayo ezinde, kuthintela ukukhukuliseka komhlaba, ingxaki eqhelekileyo kwezo ndawo apho iqondo le-insolation liphezulu kwaye apho imvula encinci.

Kodwa Ukwanalo nokusetyenziswa njengomthi wokuhombisa. Egadini idla ngokutyalwa njengomzekelo wedwa okanye ngamaqela amancinci. Ixatyiswe kakhulu njengesityalo sasezidolophini, ide isetyenziswe ukubonelela ngomthunzi kumabala okudlala. Kwakhona, abo baziyo, basebenza njengebhonsai.

Uyinyamekela njani ifayile ye UPinus halepensis?

Ukuba ufuna ukukhulisa i-Aleppo pine ekhaya, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo uluhlu lwezinto, ekubeni ngumthi, ukuba usendaweni efanelekileyo, uya kuhombisa kakhulu indawo; kodwa ukuba oku akunjalo, iingxaki zinokuvela kwixesha eliphakathi okanye elide.

Ubicación

I-aleppo pine kufuneka ibekwindawo enelanga. Ukuba unika yonke imini, kungcono, ngaphandle koko kufuneka ubuncinane unike isiqingatha sosuku. Ukongezelela, kufuneka kube kude nemibhobho kunye neepavements, ubuncinane iimitha ezilishumi.

Kodwa kusekho okungakumbi: xa iinaliti zayo ziwela emhlabeni, ziyenza ibe neasidi; oko kukuthi, bathoba i-pH, ekubeni yabo iphantsi kakhulu, iphakathi kwe-3.2 kunye ne-3.8. Oku kunokuba yingxaki kwizityalo ezikhula kuphela kwi-alkaline kunye / okanye umhlaba ongathathi hlangothi, njenge-carob, i-olive okanye imithi ye-almond. Ngoko ke, ayilongcamango ilungileyo ukuyibeka kufutshane nabo.

Unkcenkceshelo kunye nombhalisi

Imelana nembalela kakuhle xa sele ineminyaka ubuncinane emhlabeni. Kodwa okwangoku, kwaye ukuba iya kukhula embizeni, kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe kabini ngeveki ehlotyeni, kwaye malunga neentsuku ezili-15 ekupheleni konyaka.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba sithetha ngomrhumi, sinokufaka i-guano encinci okanye umgquba kanye ngenyanga, kodwa akunyanzelekanga okanye kubalulekile kule conifer.

Umhlaba

Ikhetha imihlaba yekalika okanye imihlaba, nangona ikhula ngaphandle kweengxaki kwimihlaba eyisanti. Ixhasa imihlaba etyebileyo kwiityuwa (yaselwandle).

Ukuba izakukhuliswa embizeni, ungakhetha i-generic substrates, ezisetyenziselwa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo, ezifana ne-universal (ithengiswayo). apha).

Ukutyala

El UPinus halepensis tyala egadini okanye embizeni enkulu kuyo yonke intwasahlobo. Nje ukuba ingqele isemva kwakho, ungaqhubeka nayo. Kakade ke, kubalulekile ukuba isuswe embizeni kuphela xa iingcambu zihlulwe kakuhle, oko kukuthi, kuphela ukuba iingcambu zayo zivela kwimingxuma kwisitya.

Kwaye kukuba kungenjalo iya konakaliswa kwaye isenokungalugqithisi uqhaqho.

Izinambuzane

Utshaba lwakhe oluphambili Umngcelele wepayini, kodwa ngethamsanqa ingaliwa kunye nezinambuzane zendalo ezifana Bacillus thuringiensis (kwintengiso apha).

Ezinye izinambuzane ezingabalulekanga kangako Dendrolimus ipini, ebangela ilahleko inxalenye yamagqabi, okanye Tomicus piniperda omibungu yabo igrumba iigalari kumasebe nakwisiqu. Kodwa zombini ziyaphetshwa ngokugcina umthi unyanyekelwe kakuhle.

Izifo

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungunda zinokukosulela, njenge Diplodia ipayina okubangela ukufa kwamagqabi kwangaphambi kwexesha; okanye i I-Lophodermium pinastri evelisa amaqhuma okanye amaqhuma amnyama emasebeni.

Enye indlela yokuwaphepha kukukhulisa umthi kumhlaba ongenamanzi, ekubeni i<em>fungi ithanda ukufuma, yaye ukuba umhlaba ufunxa amanzi ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba zande. Ukuba kukho iimpawu, kufuneka inyangwe ngemichiza yokungunda.

Ukuphindaphinda

Yandisa ngo imbewu entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni, kuba zifuna ubushushu ukuze zintshule.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga -12ºC. Amaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40ºC awayonakalisi nawo.

Ucinga ntoni nge UPinus halepensis?