I-chestnut yamahashe (Aesculus hippocastanum)

I-chestnut yehashe ngumthi omkhulu. Ngeemitha ezingama-30 ubude, sisityalo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengomzekelo owodwa. Nangona inokubonwa nakwiimbiza, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kucetyiswa ukuba uyityale emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza.

Nangona izinga lokukhula kwayo licotha ngokubanzi, oko akunyanzelekanga ukuba kusenze sikholelwe ukuba ifuna indawo encinane. Kwaye kukuba xa iselula inesiqu esincinci esincinci, inkqubo yayo yeengcambu ikhula kakhulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba siyazi indlela yokunyamekela ngayo ngamaxesha onke.

Yintoni i I-Aesculus hippocastanum?

Ngumthi ogama lakhe lenzululwazi ngu I-Aesculus hippocastanum, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-chestnut yehashe okanye i-chestnut yobuxoki, ekubeni iziqhamo zinento efana neyo eyenziwa yimithi ye-Castanea genus. Ivela kumahlathi aseAlbania, eBulgaria, eGrisi nakwindawo eyayisakuba yiYugoslavia, nangona namhlanje ifumaneka kwiigadi ezininzi nakwiipaki kwimimandla enemozulu epholileyo yehlabathi.

Inesiqu esithe tye esiziimitha ezimbalwa ukuphakama. Isithsaba silinganisa iimitha ezi-5 kwisangqa sesiseko kwaye senziwe ngamasebe amaninzi apho amagqabi esundu ahluma., yenziwe ngamaphecana ama-5 okanye ama-7 aluhlaza. Idubula entlakohlaza. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe kwaye zihlanganiswe kwi-panicles kunye ne-pyramidal shape.

Sinjani isiqhamo sechestnut yehashe?

Isiqhamo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-chestnut yehashe, yicapsule evula kumacandelo amathathu ukukhulula imbewu. Ezi zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezi-5, kwaye zinesikhumba esimdaka. Akunakwenzeka ukuyidla ngokuthe ngqo kuba iqulethe i-esculin, into eyityhefu kuthi; kodwa kukho ezinye izilwanyana ezinokutya ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-chestnut yehashe?

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum isebenzisa izinto ezininzi:

• Umhlobiso: yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngumthi omkhulu, othwele ubungangamsha, obunika nomthunzi omninzi. Akukhuthazwa ukuba uyisebenzise njengothango, ngaphandle kokuba ubude kwaye imizekelo ibekwe malunga neemitha ezi-4 ngaphandle, kodwa ibonakala ihle kakhulu njenge-specimen eyodwa.
• Unyango: Sithe iziqhamo azikwazi ukudliwa ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa ixesha elithile ngoku siye sabona amayeza endalo e-chestnut yehashe, njenge-lotions, i-creams kunye ne-capsules. Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi, kuba kwandisa uxinzelelo lwendalo lwe-vein kwaye, ngaphezu koko, luthintela ukubonakala kwemithambo ye-varicose.

Yintoni ukhathalelo lwe I-Aesculus hippocastanum?

I-chestnut yehashe sisityalo esihle kakhulu, kodwa indawo eya kugcinwa kuyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngononophelo ukwenzela ukuba ixabiso layo lokuhlobisa ligcinwe okanye linyuke. Ngesi sizathu, ngezantsi siza kuthetha ngokhathalelo oludingayo:

Ubicación

Kubalulekile ukuyigcina ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo. Ayipheleli nje ekubeni isiba nde kakhulu, kodwa nangaphezu koko, ifuna ukuva imvula, umoya, ubushushu bemitha yelanga kunye neqabaka. Kodwa apho kanye ukuyibeka?

Ngexesha lobutsha bayo inokukhuliswa embizeni, kodwa kuya kufika ixesha (ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi xa lilinganisa imitha eyi-1) apho kuya kufuneka sityale emhlabeni. Xa ifika, kuya kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuyitshala kumgama omalunga neemitha ezintlanu ukusuka kwiindonga kunye neendonga, kunye neemitha ezilishumi ukusuka kwimibhobho.

Umhlaba

• Jadini: i I-Aesculus hippocastanum ayifuni kakhulu. Ikhula kuyo yomibini imihlaba ene-alkaline kunye ne-acidic kancinane. Ayinangxaki ingako ukuba iludongwe okoko nje amanzi ephuma kakuhle.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: embizeni ingakhuliswa kunye ne-universal substrate. Ngoku, xa imozulu ipholile kwicala elifudumeleyo, njengeMeditera, ndiyincoma ukuba ikhule kunye ne-sandy substrates ezifana ne-akadama. Ngale ndlela, uya kubona ukuba ithatha iingcambu ngcono kakhulu, nto leyo eya kuyinceda ukuba ikhule ibe nempilo ngosuku ofuna ukuyibeka egadini.

Unkcenkceshelo

Umthi we-chestnut wehashe ufuna amanzi amaninzi. Ithwaxwa kakhulu yimbalela, ngoko kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Ngeli xesha, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu, kunokufuneka ukunkcenkceshela ubuncinane kathathu ngeveki, nokuba kusembizeni okanye kumhlaba.

Ekwindla nasebusika, ukuba kunetha rhoqo, ukunkcenkceshela kunokwahlulwa, ekubeni umhlaba uthabatha ixesha elide ukomisa, yaye ekubeni umthi ungakhuli kwezi nyanga, amanzi awo afuna ukuncipha kancinane.

Umbhalisi

Ngelixa ikhula, iya kuba nomdla kwaye iyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule. Kule nto, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa, xa kunokwenzeka, izichumisi eziphilayo, kuba oku kuya kuba negalelo ekuphuculeni iipropati zomhlaba. Zeziphi ezinokusetyenziswa? Kukho ezininzi eziya kuba luncedo, umzekelo: i-mulch, i-compost, i-humus, umgquba (omileyo).

Ekuphela kwento yokuba ukuba kusembizeni, kungcono ukusebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi. Oku kuya kuthintela ukukhukuliseka komhlaba ekubeni mandundu.

Ukuphindaphinda

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum iphindaphindwa ngembewu. Ezi kufuneka zityalwe ebusika, ngaphandle, njengoko zifuna ukubanda ukuze zintshule. Sifaka enye okanye ezimbini embizeni yomhlaba wezithole, kwaye indalo ithathe indawo yayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuphepha ukusuleleka kwizifo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungeze i-sulfure encinci yomgubo. Ngoko ifungi ayiyi kubonakala.

Ukuba ziyakwazi ukwenzeka, ziya kuntshula entlakohlaza kwiqondo lobushushu elimalunga ne-15-20ºC, kuphela emva kokuvezwa yingqele.

Ukutshintshwa

Kufuneka uyitshintshe entwasahlobongaphambi kokuba amagqabi awo ahlume. Kuya kwenziwa kuphela ukuba iingcambu ziphuma kwimingxuma embizeni, okanye ukuba sele iphelelwe yindawo, kuba kungenjalo ingcambu yengcambu iya kuhlukana kwaye ibe yingxaki, kuba kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba iqalise kwakhona. ukukhula kwayo.

Ukuba ufuna ukuyityala emhlabeni, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulinde de ulinganise ubuncinci be-50 centimeters, ekubeni kuloo mphakamo unokubonwa; oko kukuthi, kulula ukwahlula kwezinye izityalo. Ndide ndalinda ixesha elide, de yaba yimitha enye ubude, kuba sisityalo esithandwa kakhulu, endikhule ukususela ngo-1, kwaye ndifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuya kulunga.

Ukuthena

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum akufuneki ithenwe. Akayidingi.

Izinambuzane

Inokuchaphazeleka lepidoptera. Ngokukodwa fascia pammene, UZeuzera pyrina, I-Lymanthria iyahlukana, kunye neCydia, njenge UCydia spendana kunye Cydia fagiglandana. Zonke zibangela umonakalo emagqabini, zishiya amabala amhlophe e-zig-zag, iigalari kumasebe, kwaye zitshabalalisa iziqhamo.

Xa okusingqongileyo kushushu ngokukhethekileyo kwaye komile akunakumangaliswa ukuba ibinayo Indlu yomthi. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo akuyongxaki enzulu.

Izifo

Izifo kufuneka zisikhathaze ngaphezu kwezinambuzane. Zintathu, kwaye zontathu zinokubangela ukufa komzekelo ukuba awuphathwanga ngexesha. Zezi:

• I-Chestnut anthracnose: ibangelwa ngumngundo Mycosphaerella maculiformis, kwaye ujike iincam zamagqabi zibe mdaka. Kwimizekelo yabantu abadala, babangela ukubonakala kwamaqhuma kwi-trunk. Ukuyinqanda kunye nokunyanga kufuneka kunyangwe ngemichiza yokungunda. Olunye ulwazi.
• isifo se-chestnut: yenye ifungus, i I-Cryphonectria parasitica, evelisa imingxuma kwixolo lamasebe kunye nesiqu. Luhlobo olungaqhelekanga noluhlaselayo, lukwadweliswe njengenye ye-100 eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Yimbangela yokufa kwemithi emininzi ye-chestnut yamahashe kunye nemithi ye-chestnut emantla eSpain.
• I-Chestnut inki: ibangelwa ngundo Phytopthora cinnamomi. Ivelisa ukutyheli kwamagqabi, ukubola kweengcambu kunye nokuwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kweziqhamo.

Ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga, imichiza yokungunda kufuneka isetyenziswe.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum ukumelana ne -20ºC. Kananjalo amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-35ºC ayonzakalisi ukuba alibambe ixesha kwaye aliswele manzi. Inokuhlala kuphela kwiindawo apho amaxesha onyaka aphawulwe kakuhle.

Ucinge ntoni nge-chestnut yehashe?