Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/O.gomez01
Kukho iiconifers ezinkulu kulo lonke iplanethi, kodwa i araucaria zi, kuzo zonke ezisetyenziswa kwiigadi, enye yezona zidumileyo. Nangona zikholisa ukukhula kancinane, ezi zityalo zintle kwasebutsheni bazo. Ukongeza, kufuneka kuthethwe into enomdla, kwaye oko kukuthi, ziyimithi imvelaphi yayo isuka kwixesha le-Triassic, oko kukuthi, malunga ne-250 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo.
Zinembonakalo entle nebalaseleyo, ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uzityale zodwa ukwenzela ukuba, xa zikhulile, unokuba nombono oqhelekileyo kubo kwaye, ngoko ke, unokuzithanda kangcono.
Ikhula phi iaraucaria?
I-Araucaria yi-evergreen conifers ukuba, nangona yayikhe yakhula eMelika nase-Eurasia, ngoku abemi bayo baseMzantsi Melika (ukuba ngokuthe ngqo, eChile, eArgentina, eUruguay naseBrazil) kunye naseOceania.
Yimithi enobude obuziimitha ezingama-30 nangaphezulu, inamagqabi anokuba banzi okanye abe mxinwa ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile, kwaye iziqhamo zawo ziziconsi ezinomlinganiselo omalunga neesentimitha ezili-10.
Iintlobo zeAraucaria
Kuyakholelwa ukuba kukho malunga namashumi amathathu eentlobo ze-araucaria, kodwa zimbalwa kakhulu ezikhuliselwa ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho izizathu zoku: kukho i-conifers ekhula ngokukhawuleza, njengepayini, kodwa makhe ndikuxelele ukuba ubuhle bomntu ngamnye buhlukile. Ukuba ufuna ukuba negadi egqame ngokuba yodwa, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ube ne-araucaria, nokuba ikhula kancinci, kunompayini okanye omnye umthi oqhelekileyo.
Umzekelo, ezona ndidi zisetyenziswa kakhulu egadini zezi zilandelayo:
IAraucaria araucana
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Vswitchs
Ifumana amagama aqhelekileyo e-araucaria okanye i-pehuén pine, kwaye luhlobo lwe-autochthonous ye-Argentine Patagonia. Kwimeko yabantu abadala, imalunga neemitha ezingama-50 ubude kunye namasebe ayo esithsaba seemitha ezininzi ukusuka emhlabeni.. Iphila iminyaka emalunga ne-1000, kwaye iyamelana neeqabaka eziphakathi.
IAraucaria bidwillii
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / John Tann
YiAustralian araucaria, umthi oyinzalelwane yaseQueensland (Ostreliya) owaziwa njenge bunya pine. Umboko wayo uthe tye kwaye unokulinganisa malunga neemitha ezingama-40 ubude.. Ikomityi ayiqhelekanga kakhulu, iphantse ifane nephiramidi ngokumila phezulu. Amagqabi aluhlaza kwaye amelana nekhephu. Ingakhula kwimozulu epholileyo, kunye namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwi -12ºC.
Araucaria columnaris
I-Araucaria columnaris yile iphawulwe ngotolo.
Yi-araucaria ye-columnar bearing, okanye i-columnar araucaria. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiHook pine, nangona inganxulumananga nePinaceae. Inokulinganisa malunga neemitha ezingama-60 ubude, kwaye njengoko unokukrokrela igama layo, inesithsaba esimxinwa. Ifumaneka kwi-New Caledonia, kwaye ngoku ikhuliswe kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo kunye namaqondo obushushu asebusika asezantsi.
Araucaria cunninghamii
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Juan Carlos López Almansa
Ngolwimi oludumileyo, le conifer yaziwa ngokuba yiAustralian araucaria okanye iAustralian araucaria. Umboko wayo uphakama ukuya kuma-60 eemitha ukuphakama, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha iphuhlisa ikomityi yepyramidal. Ingqele ayilimazi, kodwa yoyika iqabaka eyomeleleyo.
IAraucaria heterophylla
Umfanekiso uthathwe kwiWikimedia/bertknot
La IAraucaria heterophylla yileyo ngaphambili yayibizwa ngokuba yi<em>araucaria excelsa, yaye leyo ifumana igama lomthi wompayina womgangatho ngenxa yesithsaba sayo. Ivela kwiSiqithi saseNorfolk (eOstreliya) inokuba ziimitha ezili-50 ubude. Ihlala isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomthi wangaphakathi, isenzo esingakhuthazwa ngokupheleleyo kuba sifuna ukukhanya okukhulu. Ihlala kakuhle kwiindawo ezishushu nezipholileyo ezinobusika obupholileyo.
Uyikhathalela njani i-araucaria?
I-araucaria yi-conifer efuna ukunakekelwa okuncinci. Asinakutsho ukuba sisityalo esinemihlaba yonke, kodwa akukho nzima kakhulu ukuyigcina nayo. Ukuba uthenge ikopi, ngoku siza kukuxelela into omawuyenze ukuze ubemhle:
Ukuqala, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba yi-conifer enokugqithisa ukuphakama kwendlu, kwaye idinga ukukhanya okukhulu, ngoko ke. into ekufuneka siyenzile kukuyibeka ngaphandle. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ityalwe egadini ngokukhawuleza, kumhlaba ocebileyo kunye ococekileyo, kodwa sinokukhetha ukukhulisa i-araucaria embizeni esiza kuyigcwalisa nge-substrate elungiselelwe izityalo eziluhlaza (zithengiswa). apha) iminyaka ethile.
Ukuba sithetha ngokunkcenkceshela, i-araucaria kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe kuphela xa imvula imvula kwaye umhlaba uhlala womile ixesha elide.. Ukongeza, ukuba isemhlabeni, njengoko ikhula iya kufumana amandla, iya kuqhelanisa ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye akusayi kufuna ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo. Kodwa de kube loo mini ifike, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyinkcenkceshele rhoqo, unyaka wonke, kodwa ngakumbi ehlotyeni.
nayo, kucetyiswa ukuba ifakwe isichumiso ngexesha layo lokukhula. Oku kungqamana neenyanga ezishushu zonyaka, ekubeni ingqele iyayithothisa. Kwaye kunxiba ntoni? Ewe, umzekelo, izichumisi zendalo zemvelaphi yezilwanyana, ezifana nomgquba okanye i-guano.
Njengoko ubonile, i-araucaria yimithi emihle kakhulu.