Uthuthu oluqhelekileyo (Fraxinus excelsior)

El Fraxinus ukugqwesa Ngumthi esiwufumana kuninzi lweYurophu. Inombala oqaqambileyo, kunye nesithsaba esinamagqabi nesibanzi esinika umthunzi othandwa ngabaninzi. Ukongeza, ihombisa kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka, kwanasebusika xa kuphelelwa amagqabi.

Akukho qabaka okanye ubushushu amoyikiyo, nangona kunjalo zihluma kakuhle kwiindawo apho imozulu ipholileyo, ihlobo elingatshisi kakhulu nobusika obupholileyo.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu ze Fraxinus ukugqwesa

Yaziwa ngamagama aqhelekileyo uthuthu, uthuthu lwamagqabi, kunye nothuthu lwasemantla, kwaye luvela kumantla eSpain ukuya eRashiya. Ikwafumaneka nase-UK. Igama layo lezenzululwazi nguFraxinus excelsior, kwaye ngumthi ovuthulukayo onokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40 ubude. Isiqu sinexolo elingwevu, eligudileyo kunye neelentile.

Ikomityi ibanzi, i-4 okanye i-5 yeemitha ububanzi. Amasebe anamathupha amnyama, uphawu oluwahlulayo kweminye imithi yothuthu. Amagqabi ane-imparipinnate, akhiwe nge-9 ukuya kwi-13 emile okwe-lance-pinnae okanye amaphecana anemida enamazinyo. Ziluhlaza entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kwaye tyheli, orenji okanye bubomvu ekwindla phambi kokuba ziwe phantsi.

Idubula entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amagqabi ahlume. I-inflorescences i-panicles encinci kunye neentyantyambo eziqhelekileyo ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa kunye ne-hermaphrodite. Isiqhamo yiSamara enamaphiko enobude obungange 5 centimeters ubude..

Usebenzisela ntoni?

Uthuthu oluqhelekileyo isetyenziswe njengomthi wegadi. Ayinaxabiso lokuhombisa nje kuphela, kodwa inika nomthunzi, kwakunye nokukwazi ukusebenza njengekhusi okanye indawo yokuphumla kwezinye izilwanyana, ezinjengeentaka okanye izinambuzane.

Kodwa ikwanazo nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezizezi:

• Unyango: zombini amagqabi aluhlaza kunye namaxolo asetyenziselwa ukukhulula i-arthritis, i-gout, i-constipation, i-fever kunye ne-arthralgia.
• Madera: Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izibambo, ifanitshala, iirakethi zemidlalo, kunye neerakethi. Kunzima, kodwa kukwabhetyebhetye, kwaye akuqhawuki lula.

Indlela yokunyamekela umlotha ongasentla?

Ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kuphela ukuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nokulima zivumela. Ke ngoko, inika umdla into yokuba ezi zinto siza kukucacisela zona ngezantsi zithathelwe ingqalelo:

Ubicación

Ngumthi kufuneka igcinwe ngaphandle, kwindawo enelanga, kwaye kungekhona kuphela, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyityale emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye sithetha ngesityalo esinokuba sikhulu kakhulu. Embizeni ukukhula kwayo kuthintelwa kukungabikho kwendawo; Ngaphezu koko, bekungayi kuba ngumnqa ukuba unokuwuqhekeza njengoko ukhula, ekubeni iingcambu zawo zomelele.

Ngokunjalo, kufuneka ityalwe kude kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukusuka kwimibhobho kunye nemigangatho egangathiweyo, kunye nomgama omncinci oziimitha ezili-10.

Umhlaba

Umhlaba odingwa luthuthu oluqhelekileyo ichumile, oko kukuthi, ityebile kwizinto eziphilayo. Kwakhona, akufuneki ukuba ikhukuliseke ngokulula, ekubeni iingcambu azithandi ukudibana ngokusisigxina namanzi.

Kwizithole kunye nezityalo ezincinci ezifakwe embizeni, indawo yokukhula jikelele inokulinywa yodwa, okanye ngcono ixutywe ne-30% yeperlite. ungayithenga apha.

Unkcenkceshelo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe rhoqo kwimozulu eshushu neyomileyo, kwaye kancinci ukuba imvula ininzi.. Ayixhathisi kwimbalela, ngoko kulungele ukugalela amanzi kuyo de wonke umhlaba umanziswe.

Ukuze usebenzise amanzi amaninzi, kuyacetyiswa ukwenza umthi -ngomhlaba osuka egadini umzekelo- malunga ne-4 okanye 5 yeesentimitha ukuphakama ngeenxa zonke emthini. Ngaloo ndlela, sihlandlo ngasinye inkcenkceshelwa, amanzi aya kuhlala ngaphakathi kulo mngxuma, de afunxwe ngumhlaba aze ngaloo ndlela afikelele ezingcanjini.

Umbhalisi

Unokuhlawula umlotha wakho entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kanye rhoqo ngeentsuku ezili-15 okanye ezingama-30. Ngenxa yale njongo, ungasebenzisa izichumisi zemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo, ezifana nomgquba okanye i-bat guano, umzekelo. Ngale ndlela iya kukhula kwimpilo engcono, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ibinokwenza ukuba ibingakhuliswanga.

Ukutshintshwa

El Fraxinus ukugqwesa ngumthi lowo ukuba isembizeni, kuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza, iya kufuna enkulu rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-1 okanye emi-2.. Ukuqinisekisa, kufuneka sijonge ekupheleni konyaka ukuba iingcambu ziphuma ngemingxuma kuyo, kuba ukuba ziyayenza kuya kufuneka siyifake entwasahlobo.

Sekunjalo, ndiyaphinda Kungcono ukuyityala emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza, kwakhona entwasahlobo. Kodwa kuya kwenziwa kuphela ukuba ingcambu kakuhle phambi embizeni, kwaye ukuba usempilweni.

Ukuphindaphinda

Yandisa ngo imbewu kunye nokusika entwasahlobo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ukulima kwayo ifanelekile kwimimandla enemozulu epholileyo, enehlobo elipholileyo, kwaye ngaphandle kwamaxesha embalela. Imelana neqabaka ukuya kutsho kwi -20ºC. Ngokusuka kumava ndingakuxelela ukuba inyamezela amaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-38ºC ngexesha lobushushu obunobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu (80% nangaphezulu) ngenxa yefuthe loLwandle lweMeditera, kunye neeqabaka ezikhanyayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi -2ºC, kodwa ithwaxwa yimimoya emdaka. kakhulu ngembalela. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, andikucebisi ukuba ube nayo kummandla weMeditera okanye kwezinye ezinemozulu efanayo, ngaphandle kokuba imvula imvula rhoqo.

Ucinga ntoni ngaye Fraxinus ukugqwesa?