Chestnut yebhiza muti muhombe. Nemamita makumi matatu pakureba, chirimwa chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya semuenzaniso uri wega. Kunyange zvazvo inogona kuonekwawo muhari, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo inokurudzirwa kuidyara muvhu nekukurumidza.
Kunyange zvazvo kukura kwayo kuchinonoka kazhinji, izvozvo hazvifaniri kutiita kuti titende kuti inoda nzvimbo shoma. Uye ndezvekuti kana ichiri mudiki ine hunde yakaonda, midzi yayo inokura zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza. Nechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha kuti tizive nzira yekuichengeta nguva dzese.
Chii icho Aesculus hippocastanum?
Ndiwo muti une zita resainzi Aesculus hippocastanum, inozivikanwa sebhiza chestnut kana chestnut yenhema, sezvo michero ine imwe yakafanana kune iyo inogadzirwa nemiti yeCastanea genus. Inowanikwa kumasango eAlbania, Bulgaria, Greece uye yaimbova Yugoslavia, kunyange nhasi inogona kuwanikwa mumapindu akawanda nemapaki munzvimbo dzinodziya dzepasi.
Iine hunde yakatwasuka iyo mapazi akareba mamita mashoma. Korona inoyera anenge 5 metres mubasal circumference uye inoumbwa nematavi mazhinji kubva painomera mashizha emichindwe., inoumbwa nemashizha mashanu kana manomwe egirinhi. Inotumbuka muchirimo. Maruva machena uye akaiswa mupanicles ane chimiro chepiramidi.
Ko chibereko chebhiza chestnut chii?
Muchero, unonzi horse chestnut, iyo capsule inovhura muzvikamu zvitatu kuti isunungure mbeu. Aya anoyera masendimita mashanu, uye ane ganda rebrown. Hazvibviri kuidya zvakananga sezvo ine esculin, inova chinhu chine chepfu kwatiri; asi kune dzimwe mhuka dzinogona kuidya pasina matambudziko.
Chestnut yebhiza inoshandiswa nei?
El Aesculus hippocastanum ine mashandisiro akati wandei:
- Chishongo: ndiyo yakanyanya kupararira uye inonyanya kukosha. Muti muhombe, une mbereko huru, unopawo mumvuri wakawanda. Izvo hazvikurudzirwe kuishandisa seheji, kunze kwekunge yakareba uye zvienzaniso zvakaiswa anenge 4 metres kure, asi inotaridzika yakakura seyega yemuenzaniso.
- Mishonga: Takataura kuti michero haigoni kudyiwa zvakananga, asi kwenguva yakati takaona mishonga yemasikirwo ebhiza, yakadai semafuta, mafuta uye capsules. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuvandudza kutenderera kweropa, sezvo inowedzera kumanikidzwa kwechisikigo kwetsinga uye, nekuwedzera, inodzivirira kutaridzika kwevaricose veins.
Chii chiri kuchengetwa kweiyo Aesculus hippocastanum?
Iyo chestnut yebhiza inomera yakaisvonaka, asi iwe unofanirwa kusarudza nzvimbo iyo ichave yakanyatsonaka kuitira kuti kukosha kwayo kwekushongedza kuchengetedzwe kana kuwedzera. Nechikonzero ichi, pazasi tichataura nezve kutarisirwa kwaunoda:
Nzvimbo
Zvakakosha kuichengeta kunze, muzuva rose. Kwete chete nokuti inoreba zvikuru, asiwo uye kupfuura zvose nokuti inoda kunzwa mvura, mhepo, kupisa kwemwaranzi yezuva, uye chando. Asi ndepapi chaipo pekuisa?
Munguva yehudiki hwayo inogona kukura muhari, asi ichauya nguva (yakawanda kana zvishoma painoyera 1 mita) yatichafanira kuidyara muvhu. Kana yasvika, ichave inokurudzirwa zvikuru kuidyara kure nemamita mashanu kubva pamadziro nemadziro, uye anenge gumi metres kubva pombi.
Pasi
- Garden: the Aesculus hippocastanum haisi kunyanya kudiwa. Inokura muvhu rine alkaline uye rine acidic zvishoma. Haina dambudziko rakawanda kana iri ivhu chero mvura ichidonha zvakanaka.
- Ruva poto: muhari inogona kukura ne universal substrate. Iye zvino, kana mamiriro ekunze achidziya padivi rinodziya, seMediterranean, ndinokurudzira kukura nejecha substrates seakadama. Nenzira iyi, iwe uchaona kuti inotora midzi zviri nani, izvo zvichabatsira kuti ikure ine hutano zuva raunoda kuisa mubindu.
Kudiridza
Muti webhiza chestnut unoda mvura yakawanda. Inotambura zvakanyanya kubva mukusanaya kwemvura, saka unofanira kuidiridza nguva nenguva, kunyanya munguva yezhizha. Mumwaka uno, uye zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze, zvingave zvakakosha kunwisa kanenge katatu pavhiki, kana iri muhari kana pasi.
Munguva yematsutso nechando, kana kuchinaya nguva dzose, kudiridza kunogona kuparadzaniswa, sezvo ivhu richitora nguva yakareba kuti riome, uye sezvo muti wacho usingakuri mumwedzi iyi, mvura yawo inoda kuderera zvishoma.
Vanyoreri
Ichiri kukura, ichave inonakidza uye inokurudzirwa kuibhadhara. Nokuda kweizvi, zvakakosha kushandisa, pese pazvinogoneka, organic fertilizer, sezvo izvi zvichabatsira mukuvandudza zvinhu zvevhu. Ndedzipi dzekushandisa? Kune zvakawanda zvichave zvinobatsira, semuenzaniso: mulch, compost, humus, manyowa (yakaoma).
Chinhu chimwe chete ndechekuti kana iri muhari, zviri nani kushandisa mafetireza emvura. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuyerera kwevhu kubva pakuipa.
Kuwanza
Mufananidzo – Wikimedia/Solipsist
El Aesculus hippocastanum inowanza nembeu. Idzi dzinofanira kudyarwa munguva yechando, kunze, sezvo dzichida kutonhora kuti dzimere. Isu tinoisa imwe kana maviri muhari yembesa yevhu, uye regai zvisikwa zvitore nzira yayo. Zvechokwadi, kuti udzivise zvirwere, zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera zvishoma sulfuri yehupfu. Saka fungi haizooneki.
Kana dzichikwanisika, dzinozomera muchirimo patembiricha ingangoita 15-20ºC, mushure mekubatwa nechando.
Kuisazve
Unofanira kuchiisa muchirimomashizha awo asati atungira. Zvichaitwa chete kana midzi ikabuda mumakomba muhari, kana kuti yakatopera nzvimbo, nokuti kana zvisina kudaro midzi yemidzi inodonha uye ikava dambudziko, sezvo zvingatora nguva yakawanda kuti itangezve. kukura kwayo.
Kana iwe uchida kuidyara muvhu, zvinokurudzirwa kumirira kusvikira yasvika 50 centimita, sezvo pakukwirira kwayo inogona kuonekwa; ndiko kuti, zviri nyore kuisiyanisa kubva kune dzimwe miti. Ndakatomirira kwenguva yakareba, kusvika yasvika mamita 1 kureba, nokuti chirimwa chinodiwa zvikuru, chandanga ndichikura kubva muna 2008, uye ndaida kuve nechokwadi kuti zvichange zvakanaka.
Kuchekerera
El Aesculus hippocastanum haifanire kutemwa. Haazvida.
Zvipembenene
Inogona kukanganiswa ne lepidoptera. Chaicho fascia pammene, Zeuzera Pyrina, Lymanthria yakasiyana, uye vamwe Cydia, kufanana Cydia spendana and the Cydia fagiglangana. Zvose izvi zvinokonzera kukanganisa kumashizha, zvichisiya mavara machena e-zig-zag, maberere pamatavi, uye kuparadza michero.
Kana nharaunda ichinyanya kupisa uye yakaoma hazvishamisi kana iine zvimwe Woodlouse. Asi kazhinji harisi dambudziko rakakomba.
Zvirwere
Zvirwere zvinofanira kutinetsa kupfuura tupukanana. Kune matatu, uye ese ari matatu anogona kukonzera kufa kwemuenzaniso kana isina kurapwa nenguva. Izvi ndezvi:
- Chestnut anthracnose: inokonzerwa nefungus Mycosphaerella maculiformis, uye anoshandura matipi emashizha shava. Mune mienzaniso yevanhu vakuru, vanokonzera kuonekwa kwemapundu pahunde. Kudzivirira uye kurapa kunofanirwa kurapwa ne systemic fungicides. Mamwe mashoko.
- chestnut blight: imwe fungus, iyo Cryphonectria parasitica, iyo inobudisa maburi mumakwati emapazi nehunde. Imhando yekunze uye inoparadza, yakanyorwawo seimwe ye100 inonyanya kukuvadza munyika. Ndiyo yakakonzera kufa kwemiti yakawanda yebhiza chestnut nemiti yemachestnut kuchamhembe kweSpain.
- Chestnut inki: inokonzerwa nefungus Phytopthora cinnamomi. Inobereka yellowing yemashizha, kuora kwemidzi uye kunyange kudonha kusati kwasvika kwezvibereko.
Zvose kudzivirira uye kurapa, systemic fungicides inofanira kushandiswa.
Rusticity
Mufananidzo - Flickr / jacinta lluch valero // Aesculus hippocastanum mumatsutso.
El Aesculus hippocastanum inoramba kusvika -20ºC. Uyewo tembiricha inosvika 35ºC haikuvadze kana ikabata nguva uye ikasashaya mvura. Inogona kugara chete munzvimbo dzine mwaka wakanyatsoratidzwa.
Wakafungei nezvechestnut yebhiza?