Isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi nanamuhla, kungenzeka ukuthola izincwadi lapho kuthiwa amasundu ayizihlahla. Lokhu kuyinto engasidukisa, njengoba zombili izinhlobo zezitshalo zinezici ezihlukile, futhi kumbalwa okufanayo okudlula imisebenzi eziyenzayo ukuze ziqhubeke ziphila.
Yingakho kulesi sihloko ngizochaza imuphi umehluko phakathi kwezihlahla namasundu, ngezithombe, ukuze ukwazi ukuzihlolela wena. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi, hlala nami.
I-Monocot noma i-dicot?
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- Isithombo sesihlahla sesundu saseWashingtonia filifera. Isithombe sithathwe ku-Wikimedia/RickP
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- Isithombo se-maple. Ama-cotyledons namaqabunga okuqala eqiniso ahlukaniswa. Isithombe esivela ku-https://eudicots.wordpress.com
I-Monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous… Asho ukuthini la magama? Kanjalo. Lapho imbewu iqhuma, ingase ihlume ipheshana lokuqala noma amabili. Lawa mahlamvu amancane aziwa ngegama le-cotyledon, futhi yibo abazokondla isithombo kuze kube yilapho kuhluma amaqabunga okuqala eqiniso.
Endabeni yezihlahla zesundu, i-cotyledon eyodwa kuphela ehlumayo, eluhlaza futhi emide ezimweni eziningi. Eqinisweni, kulula ukuyiphambanisa notshani.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izihlahla zinama-cotyledon amabili. Kodwa into ayilula njengalena. Kuqhubeka kakhulu:
Amakhambi noma cha?
Izihlahla zesundu zasePhoenix naseWashingtonia.
Uma ucabanga ngamakhambi, izitshalo ezincane ezineziqu eziluhlaza eziphuka kalula zifika engqondweni. Kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi zamakhambi, kanti ezinye ezimangalisa kakhulu yilezo ezinkulu, ezaziwa nangokuthi megaphorbias, kuhlanganise nezihlahla zesundu.
Lezi Ziyizitshalo ezingapheli (okungukuthi, zihlala iminyaka eminingana) ezifinyelela ukuphakama okukhulu, amamitha amaningana. Ukukunikeza umbono, izinhlobo zesundu I-Ceroxylon quindiuense Ingafinyelela kumamitha angama-70 ukuphakama. Kuyamangaza uma ubheka ukuthi abathuthukisi isiqu sangempela, okungilethela ku...:
Iphuzu/amaphoyinti
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- Isundu likakhukhunathi (Cocos nucifera)
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- I-Eucalyptus nicholii. Amagatsha ahluke kahle. Isithombe sithathwe ku-Wikimedia/Geoff Derrin
Kunezihlahla zesundu ezincane, ezinye ezinkulu,... Ezinye zinesiqu (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-stipe), kanti ezinye -okungenani- azinalo. Kulabo abawukhulisayo, ngesikhathi besakhula bayakhula kancane kancane, bajiye njengoba bekhipha amaqabunga amasha. Uma sebefinyelele ubukhulu bazo obukhulu, yilapho benikela ingxenye enhle yamandla abo ekukhuleni ngobude.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma behlushwa ukulimala enkabeni yomqhele wabo wamaqabunga? Uma leyo monakalo ivela ku-apical meristem yayo kuphela, ebizwa nangokuthi iphoyinti lokukhula noma umhlahlandlela, kuphelile. Uma kuyisundu esineziqu ezimbalwa, okuwumphumela wamahlumela e-axillary esiqwini esikhulu, yisiqu kuphela esinomonakalo ozofa.
Izihlahla zona zinama-lateral meristems kanye ne-cambium, ngenxa yokuthi zingalulama ezilonda.. Futhi uma kwenzeka ukuthi igatsha liye laba yize, bekungeke kube ukuphela kwezitshalo; kodwa ezansi ayehluma amaqabunga futhi, ngenhlanhla, amagatsha amasha.
Ifa
izimpande zesundu I-Wodyetia bifurcata. // Isithombe sithathwe ku-Wikimedia/Mokkie
Izimpande zomuthi wesundu ziyinjabulo. Uma sikhuluma nge-adventitious sibhekisela kwezinye izinhlobo zezimpande ezivela endaweni efanayo, okuyinto endabeni yezihlahla zesundu yisifunda sangaphandle se-cylinder ephakathi lapho izitsha ezisesiqwini noma i-stipe zijoyina. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kungenzeka ukuthi isihlahla sesundu sifinyelela izimpande eziningi kangangokuthi amagxolo ahlukana.
Ngokuqondene nobude bawo, buyoxhomeka kakhulu ohlotsheni lwesundu nalapho simila khona. Kodwa uma sicabanga ukuthi inhlabathi ithambile kakhulu, futhi inomswakama nemisoco edingekayo, ingaba ngamamitha angu-15 noma ngaphezulu emifanekisweni yabantu abadala.
Izimpande zesihlahla seFagus grandifolia. // Isithombe esivela ku-Wikimedia/Dcrjsr
Izimpande zezihlahla zihlukile. Kulezi zitshalo kuvame ukukwazi ukuhlukanisa impande eyinhloko noma e-pivoting, okujiya kancane kunezinye, nezinye izimpande ezizacile kakhulu. Owokuqala unomthwalo wemfanelo wokugxilisa isihlahla phansi, kanti abanye yibo abahamba bayofuna amanzi. Futhi, njengoba zine-cambium, lezo zezinhlobo ezithile zingasetshenziselwa ukuxhunyelelwa.
Kushiya
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- Phina iqabunga lesundu.
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- I-Washingtonia inamaqabunga esundu.
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- Iqabunga leCostapalmate lesihlahla sesundu iSabal.
Amaqabunga, mhlawumbe, angakusiza kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi okubonayo kuyisihlahla sesundu noma isihlahla. Futhi wukuthi labo of izihlahla zesundu zingaba, ngokuvamile, zezinhlobo ezintathu: i-pinnate, i-costapalmate noma i-palmate.
- I-Pinnate: yilabo abanamapheshana noma i-pinnate enamathiselwe nge-perpendicular ku-rachis, okuyisandiso se-petiole.
- Palmada: yizo ezimise okwefeni.
- I-Costapalmada: lawa ajwayele ukuba ngamahlamvu ayindilinga amise okweqanda, amaphakathi phakathi kwamabili adlule.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezo zezihlahla zingaba, kuye ngokuma kwazo:
Isithombe esivela ku- I-Medium Cone Blog
- Okulula: yilezo ezinomlenze oxhunywe esiqwini noma egatsheni, futhi zingase zibe nalo lonke umkhawulo, ugobe noma unamazinyo.
- Inhlanganisela: yilawo akhiwa amapheshana amabili noma ngaphezulu avela eksisi efanayo.
- I-Bipinnaticomposite: ifana naleyo ehlanganisiwe, kodwa amapheshana, esikhundleni sokuhlukanisa kanye njengakuwodwa, akwenza kabili.
Futhi ngokuvumelana nesimiso sakho:
- Okunye: yizona ezimila ezinhlangothini zombili zegatsha.
- Ngokuphambene: yilezo eziphuma endaweni efanayo yegatsha, kodwa zikhule ngokuphambene.
- I-Whorled: yilezo ezihluma ngamaqoqo angaphezu kwamabili ukusuka endaweni efanayo.
- I-Radial: yilezo ezinesimo esifana nokuma kwebhulashi.
- Ngamaqoqo: ayafana nangaphambili, kodwa ahluma ekugcineni kwamagatsha amafushane kakhulu ngamaqembu amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Futhi, kanti amahlamvu ezinye izihlahla (imvamisa eshisayo evundile) zishintsha umbala wazo ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, amaqabunga esundu ahlala eluhlaza (ngaphandle kwezinye ezifana ne I-Chambeyronia macrocarpa, elikwenzayo ukukhipha iqabunga elisha elibomvu, mhlawumbe ngomzamo wokuligcina liphephile ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Kodwa njengoba ikhula, iphenduka ibe luhlaza.)
Izikhukhula
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- Izimbali zesundu zeSyagrus
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- Izimbali zesihlahla sohlobo lwe-Prunus.
Izimbali zezihlahla zesundu ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence anamagatsha amaningi, njalo. Lezi zingahluma phakathi kwamaqabunga, noma kusukela enhloko-dolobha (inhloko-dolobha inyunyana phakathi komqhele kanye ne-stipe, ezinye izinhlobo ezinazo, njengalezo ze-Archontophoenix genus). Lezi zimbali zingaba iduna noma izinsikazi, futhi zivele esihlahleni sesundu esisodwa uma sine-monoecious, noma ngezibonelo ezihlukene uma kuwuhlobo lwe-dioecious.
Njengelukuluku, kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi kunezihlahla zesundu ze- hapaxantic; okungukuthi, izihlahla zesundu eziqhakaza kanye kuphela ekuphileni kwazo, bese ziyafa, njengeCorypha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimbali zezihlahla zingaba owesilisa noma wesifazane, zivele esibonelweni esifanayo noma kwesinye esihlukile, nakuba zingaba yi-hermaphroditic. (njengalezo zomnqumo noma Olea Europe). Izimbali eziningi zezihlahla zinamacembe kanye/noma ama-sepal, futhi zinezimo eziningi ezihlukene.
Njengoba ubona, kunomehluko phakathi kwezihlahla zesundu nezihlahla. Ezinye azinakwa, kodwa ezinye ziyaphawuleka.
Ubucabangani ngalesi sihloko?
Kuhle kakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi kuphelele.
Ngiyabonga kakhulu Enzo ngamazwi akho. Ngiyajabula ukuthi ukuthandile. Sanibonani!