El ulamula Isihlahla Isihlahla sezithelo esitshalwa kakhulu emasimini, kodwa sibuye sitshalwe emabhodweni. Ingesinye sezithelo ezisawolintshi ezinde kakhulu, kodwa futhi esinye sezithelo ezikhiqiza kakhulu. Nakuba izithelo zayo zine-acidic kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho zingajabulisi kwabanye abantu, ijusi yayo isetshenziswa njengesithako ukunambitha ezinye izindlela zokupheka, njenge-paella.
Imelana namakhaza kahle kakhulu, nakuba idinga ukuvikeleka kuqhwa, ikakhulukazi uma ushubile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezimweni zezulu lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-0 aziphatha njengezinhlobo ezidinga kakhulu, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezindaweni ezifudumele, kulula ukuzinakekela.
Siyini isihlahla sikalamula?
I-lemon noma i-citron Kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza noma isihlahla esincane esikhula phakathi kwamamitha ama-3 kuya ku-6 ukuphakama.. Kuyinto hybrid phakathi I-citrus medica (citron) kanye I-Citrus aurantium (iwolintshi elibabayo, kwesinye isikhathi elisetshenziswa njengesihlahla sasemadolobheni). Ithuthukisa umqhele obanzi, cishe amamitha ama-2 ubude, evulekile futhi enamagatsha amaningi. Amaqabunga awo alula, aphelele, angaba amasentimitha ayi-10 ubude no-5 amasentimitha ububanzi, futhi aluhlaza okotshani.
Izimbali zimhlophe, zincane kakhulu futhi zinephunga elimnandi.. Bathola igama lezimbali eziqhakaza amawolintshi, njengalezo zesihlahla samawolintshi amnandi (I-Citrus x sinensis). Futhi isithelo siyiberry elinamasegimenti afinyelela kwangu-18. Ayivamisile ukuba nembewu, kodwa uma ingaba nayo, izoba yiqanda, ibe mancane cishe isentimitha elilodwa, ibe nombala ophuzi.
izinhlobo zamalamula
Uyafuna ukwazi izinhlobo zezihlahla zikalamula ezitshalwa kakhulu eSpain? Nalu uhlu:
- Eureka: Inesikhumba esincanyana nesibushelelezi, futhi ukunambitheka kwayo kune-asidi kakhulu. Ayivamisile ukuba nayo imbewu.
- Kuhle: isikhumba naso sincane, kodwa ukunambitheka kwaso kumnandi futhi kuqukethe ijusi eningi kune-Eureka. Yiqiniso, ngokuvamile inembewu, nakuba imbalwa.
- Isihlahla sikalamula 4 izinkathiI-Lemon: ingenye ethandwa kakhulu, njengoba negama layo libonisa, ikhiqiza ulamula cishe unyaka wonke (ubuncane bezinyanga ezingu-8). Ukunambitheka kune-asidi kakhulu, futhi kokubili amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo zikhipha iphunga elimnandi elimnandi kakhulu.
- I-VernaUlamula: uwuhlobo lukalamula omkhulu, onesikhumba esiqinile nesimangelengele kodwa esithambile kakhulu.
Kuyini?
Isihlahla sikalamula Isetshenziswa kokubili njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa kanye nasekhishini.. Yinhle kakhulu emasimini, emasimini, emagcekeni nasezindlini, emabhodweni naphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inikeza umbala, umthunzi othakazelisayo kakhulu, kanye nephunga elimnandi.
Izithelo ziyakhanywa ukuze kukhishwe ijusi, enezela ukunambitheka emaresiphi amaningi, njengelayisi noma izitsha zenoodle.
Indlela yokunakekela isihlahla sikalamula?
Isihlahla sikalamula yisihlahla sezithelo esingadingi ukunakekelwa okuningi. Nokho kubalulekile ukuthi ingantuli amanzi noma izakhamzimba ukuze ikhule kahle. Yilezi okufanele sikunikeze zona:
Indawo
Kuyi-citrus, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kufanele ibe sendaweni enelanga. Akusona isitshalo esimila emthunzini, noma endlini lapho kungekho kukhanya okuqondile. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukwazi ukuthi izimpande zayo azinabudlova, kodwa ayikwazi ukuntula indawo yokukhula.
Ngakho-ke, uma uzoba nayo engadini yezithelo noma engadini, kufanele itshalwe okungenani imitha elilodwa ukusuka odongeni, ngoba uma kungenjalo isiqu sawo sasiyokhula sincike phambili. Futhi uma izoba sebhodweni, kufanele itshalwe kwelinye elikhudlwana njalo ngemva kweminyaka emi-2 noma emithathu.
Umhlaba
- Isibindi: ikhula emhlabathini ocebile, ongenamanzi, futhi ine-pH ephakathi kuka-4 no-7. Ibekezelela inhlabathi yobumba, kodwa uma itshalwe kwelinye elifana nalokhu, kufanelekile ukuyivundisa ngezikhathi ezithile ngomanyolo wezitshalo ezine-asidi. ukuze kuvinjwe amaqabunga awo ukuthi angabi yi-chlorotic.
- Imbiza yezimbali: ungasebenzisa i-substrate ye-citrus njenge lokhu, noma eyodwa yekhwalithi enhle etshalwa endaweni yonke efana nalena evela kuMbali ongayithenga lapha noma Fertiberia.
Ukunisela
El Icitrus x limon ayikubekezeleli isomiso, kodwa futhi ayikubekezeleli amanzi amaningi. Kubalulekile ukuthi iniselwe njalo, njalo lapho inhlabathi yomile, futhi uhlale ukhumbula ukuthi uma kunezinkinga, kuyoba lula njalo ukubuyisela isihlahla sikalamula esomile kunomuntu ominzayo, ngoba kufanele wenze into eyodwa kuphela: uthele amanzi amaningi kuwo.
Ngakho-ke, ukugwema ukufinyelela kulezi zimo ezeqisayo, ukusetshenziswa kwemitha yokuswakama komhlabathi kungaba wusizo kakhulu, ngoba ngokuyingenisa nje kuyo sizobona ukuthi yomile noma imanzi. Kodwa yebo: uma itshalwe emhlabathini, kuyoba lula kakhulu ukufaka induku encane yokhuni ende, okungenani amasentimitha angu-40, njengoba kuyindlela ethembekile. Futhi kungukuthi uma umhlaba umanzi, kuzobonakala ngokushesha ukubona nokuthinta induku; futhi okufanayo uma yomile.
Umbhalisile
Izihlahla zikalamula, kanye nezithelo ezisawolintshi ngokuvamile, zivame ukuba nezinkinga zokuntuleka kwensimbi kanye/noma i-manganese, yingakho zingagcina sezinamaqabunga aphuzi kalula uma zitshalwe emhlabathini wobumba kanye/noma ziniselwa ngamanzi ane-alkaline. Ngoba, ukuwafaka ngomanyolo othize wezithelo ezisawolintshi ngokulandela imiyalelo esephaketheni kungasiza, nokunye okuningi, ukuvimbela ukuba bangabi yi-chlorotic.
Kodwa-ke, uma umhlaba kanye namanzi okunisela anele, kuhle kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa Umanyolo wemvelo, njenge-guano noma umquba.
Ukuphindaphinda
Yisihlahla esiphindaphindeka ngaso imbewu entwasahlobo-ehlobo, ukusika ngasekupheleni kwebusika/entwasahlobo kanye ubumbeko entwasahlobo.
Izihlahla
Kufanele ithenwe ngasekupheleni kobusika, kodwa kuphela uma kunesidingo. Ngamanye amazwi, isihlahla esincane esicishe sibe yimitha ubude akufanele sithenwe ngoba kufanele sivunyelwe ukuba sikhule uma ufuna senze umqhele obanzi kakhulu noma omncane ngokwaso.
Kodwa uma kuyisibonelo esivuthiwe, esinamagatsha omile, anesifo, abuthakathaka noma amade kakhulu, yebo. Kulokhu, izikele zokuthena izimbobo zizosetshenziselwa amagatsha athambile, kanye nesaha lesandla elincane uma linokhuni futhi liwugqinsi.
Kunoma yikuphi, kubalulekile ukusho lokho ukuthena okuhle kakhulu yilokhu okungabonakali. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukuqedwa kwamagatsha amakhulu, nokuncipha ngokweqile komqhele.
Izinambuzane
Ungaba nokuningi:
- Isicabucabu esibomvu: yisimbuzane esibomvu esidla ubisi lwamaqabunga, futhi esinekhono lokuluka izicabucabu. Ilwa nama-acaricides.
- i-cottony mealybug: iyi-parasite efana nebhola likakotini, elinamathela ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ukusuka lapho lidla khona. Ingasuswa nge-diatomaceous earth (ungayithenga lapha), noma ngesibulala-zinambuzane esilwa ne-cochineal noma i-polyvalent, njenge lokhu.
- umvukuzi kalamula: yizibungu ezimba amagalari emaqabunga. iqedwa ngokusebenzisa isinqamuleli se-citrus.
- izintwala: njenge-cochineal, ayizilokazane ezimunca uketshezi lwamaqabunga, kodwa nezimbali nezithelo. Zingalawulwa ngezicupho ezinamathelayo eziphuzi, njenge ukhona.
Izifo
Okuvame kakhulu yilezi:
- i-alternariosis: yisifo esibangelwa ukhunta, i-Alternaria. Kuvela uma unisela kakhulu, noma uma inhlabathi inomswakama omningi. Kufanele ilashwe nge-systemic fungicide.
- i-exocortis: iyi-viroid edala imifantu nezikali esiqwini, kanye nokuntenga eziqwini zamathenda. Akukho ukwelashwa.
- i-penicillium: kubangwa ukhunta IPenicillium italicum, okubangela ukubola kwezithelo. I-fungicide kufanele futhi ifakwe.
- psoriasis: wuhlobo lwegciwane elikhiqiza ukugoqana kwamagxolo ngisho ne-gummosis.
- igciwane losizi: yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane esidala ukuphuzi ngokushesha kwamaqabunga, agcine ewa. Ivamise ukudluliselwa ngama-aphid, ngakho-ke kulula ukwenza ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uvimbele kanye/noma uziqede.
Isibindi
Imelana namakhaza, kanye nesithwathwa esifinyelela ku -4ºC ngaphandle kokulimala.
Ucabangani ngesihlahla sikalamula?