I-loquat ingenye yalezo zihlahla esingaba nazo kokubili engadini yezithelo nasensimini yezitshalo zokuhlobisa.. Futhi ukuthi asikhulumi nje ngesitshalo esinezithelo ezidliwayo -futhi esimnandi, ngendlela-, kodwa futhi leso, ngenxa yomqhele waso ominyene, sinikeza umthunzi omningi. Futhi asinakukhohlwa izimbali zayo, ezingamila ngokushesha, ekwindla; empeleni, lapho isimo sezulu siyivumela, iqala ukwenza kanjalo phakathi kuka-October no-November.
Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa nokubanda, futhi inezinga lokukhula ngokushesha elivela ekuhlumeni kwembewu. Okuhle kakhulu ukuthi iqala ukuthela izithelo isencane: ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kusukela eminyakeni emi-4. Ngenxa yazo zonke lezi zizathu, ngikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi iyisitshalo okufanele silinywe kakhulu kunalokho esiyikho. Khona-ke ngizokutshela ukuthi injani nokuthi idinga ukunakekelwa ngani.
Iyini i-loquat?
Isithombe - Wikimedia / JMK
Kuyisithelo esihlala siluhlaza esidabuka eChina. Kusukela kulelo zwe yethulwa eJapan eminyakeni engaphezu kwenkulungwane edlule, futhi lapho isivele yaba ngokwemvelo. Ithola igama elijwayelekile le-medlar yaseJapan noma i-medlar yaseJapan ukuyihlukanisa ne-European medlar (I-Mespilus germanica), futhi Kuyisitshalo esifinyelela ukuphakama okungaba ngamamitha ayi-10., nakuba into evamile kakhulu ekulinyweni ukuthi ayidluli amamitha angu-5-6, ngoba ngokuvamile iyasikwa ukuze izithelo zithathwe kangcono.
Inkomishi ibanzi, inomumo oyindilinga, futhi yenziwe ngamacembe ayi-oblong noma ayi-elliptic, ane-coriaceous, futhi inobukhulu obungafika kumasentimitha angama-30 ubude namasentimitha afinyelela kwayi-10 ububanzi. Zine-pubescent underside, kanye nezinzwa eziphawuleka kakhulu.
Kuqhakaza ukuwa. Izimbali ziqoqwe ngama-panicle cishe amasentimitha ayi-15 ubude, futhi ngayinye yazo iphakathi kuka-1 no-2 amasentimitha ububanzi, zimhlophe futhi zinephunga elimnandi. Kubalulekile ukwazi lokho zingama-hermaphrodites, okusho ukuthi udinga isifanekiso esisodwa kuphela ukuze uthele izithelo. Lezi zithelo zivuthwa ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, zimise okwepheya, futhi zilinganisa phakathi kwamasentimitha amathathu no-3 ubude. Isikhumba siphuzi, siwolintshi, noma ngezinye izikhathi sibomvu, futhi inyama yaso imhlophe, iphuzi, noma isawolintshi futhi inokunambitheka okumnandi, okumuncu noma okune-asidi engaphansi.
Kuyini?
Ukusetshenziswa okunikezwa kulesi sihlahla ngokuyisisekelo kumbili: okokupheka kanye nokuhlobisa. Ake sikhulume ngazo:
ukusetshenziswa kokupheka nokwelapha
Ukusetshenziswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-loquat yaseJapane ukupheka. Izithelo zingadliwa ziluhlaza.esanda kukha esihlahleni. Uma uthanda, kungenzeka futhi ukudliwa kuhlanganiswe nezinye izithelo; ungenza ngisho nama-dessert afana namakhekhe, noma iwayini.
Inani layo lokudla okunempilo ngama-gramu ayi-100 limi ngokulandelayo:
- Amakhabhohayidrethi: 12,14g
- Umucu: 1,7g
- Amafutha: 0,20g
- Amaprotheni: 0,43g
- I-Vitamin A: 76 μg (8% yenani elinconyiwe lansuku zonke)
- Ivithamini B1: 0,019mg (1%)
- Ivithamini B2: 0,024mg (2%)
- Ivithamini B3: 0,180mg (1%)
- Ivithamini B6: 0,100mg (8%)
- I-Vitamin C: 1mg (2%)
- I-calcium: 16mg (2%)
- I-ayoni: 0,28mg (2%)
- I-Magnesium: 12mg (3%)
- Phosphorus: 27mg (4%)
- I-Potassium: 266mg (6%)
- Isodium: 1mg (0%)
- I-Zinc: 0,05mg (1%)
Ngalokho futhi kuyasiza njengomuthi, njengoba ngokwesibonelo uvithamini C uqinisa amasosha omzimba, futhi i-fiber isisiza ngokuqunjelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-iron ibalulekile ukuze ugweme ukuntuleka kwe-iron anemia, isifo lapho ezinyathelweni zaso zokuqala singakuqeda amandla kancane.
E-China, kulungiswa isiraphu ye-medlar esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinjengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlobisa
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubaluleke kakhulu, nakuba mhlawumbe kungaphansi kwe-Culinary, kuwukuhlobisa. Yisihlahla leso inikeza umthunzi omningi, ikhiqiza izimbali ezinuka kamnandi, futhi ibekezelela isithwathwa kahle kakhulu. Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, akudingi ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Ihlangana ngokumangalisayo nezinye izitshalo, futhi into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ayinazo izimpande ezihlaselayo. Eqinisweni, kunconywa kakhulu ukutshala emasimini amancane, lapho kuzohlinzeka khona ukuthinta okuthakazelisayo kakhulu kwe-tropical.
Ziyini ukunakekelwa kwe-medlar?
Isithombe - Wikimedia / JMK
Uma unesibindi sokuba ne-loquat yakho, yilokhu okudingeka ukwazi ukuze kube kuhle futhi ungakwazi ukunambitha izithelo zayo:
Indawo
Yisihlahla leso akufanele nje ukuthi ikhule ngaphandle, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ibekwe elangeni eliqondile. Singenza iphutha - ngokubona kwami libi kakhulu - uma sikhule endlini noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa, ngoba ukushisa noma isithwathwa akulimazi, kunalokho okuphambene: uma bekungezwani ukudlula kwezinkathi zonyaka, bekungeke kube nempilo. .
Umhlaba
Akufuneki. Ingakhula enhlabathini ene-alkali ngaphandle kwenkinga, kanye nakuleyo ene-acidic kancane. Noma uzoyigcina ebhodweni isikhashana, ungafaka i-universal substrate kuyo (iyathengiswa lapha), esetshenziselwa izitshalo eziningi ezahlukene; nakuba ngincoma ukuthi usebenzise eyodwa engadini yasemadolobheni (iyathengiswa lapha), equkethe imisoco ezoyidinga ukuze ikhule kahle inkathi ethile.
Ukunisela
Kufanele uchelele ngezikhathi ezithile. Akusona isihlahla esimelana nesomiso, kodwa ukugcwala kwamanzi akuhambisani nakho. Ngoba, Ngincoma ukunisela kabili ngeviki ehlobo, noma kathathu uma amazinga okushisa edlula 30ºC futhi inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha.; kanye nelilodwa noma amabili ngesonto unyaka wonke. Kumelwe sithele amanzi kuso kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi noma i-substrate imanzi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ezinye izimpande zizosala ngaphandle kwe-hydration.
Umswakama
I-Loquat iyachuma ezindaweni lapho umswakama ohlobene nomoya uphezulu, njengaseduzane nogu. Uma ikhule ezindaweni lapho iphansi khona, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kuka-50%, amaqabunga ayoma. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ungawufutha ngamanzi emvula uma ungasenalanga.
Umbhalisile
Kufanelekile ukuyivundisa kusukela ekwindla, okuyilapho iqala ukuqhakaza, kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.. Ukuze senze lokhu, sizosebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo, njengomquba wezilwane ezidla uhlaza (amahhashi, izinkomo, njll.), i-guano (iyathengiswa lapha), ukukhishwa kwezikelemu (kuyathengiswa lapha), umquba.
Umnikelo wamasonto amabili uzokusiza ukuthi ukhiqize izithelo eziningi, futhi ube nempilo engcono uma kungenzeka.
Izihlahla
Ayidingi ngempela ukuthenwa. Amagatsha omile noma aphukile kuphela okufanele asuswe. Uma ucabanga ukuthi kulula, unganciphisa nobude balezo ezikhula isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwezithelo, ngoJanuwari noma ngoFebhuwari.
Ukuphindaphinda
Iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu, ezimila kahle kakhulu entwasahlobo uma zitshalwe ebhodweni elinenhlabathi yokutshala, futhi zibekwe endaweni enelanga. Kwesinye isikhathi ibuye ixhunyelelwe, kodwa ukuthola isithelo, ukuxhunyelelwa akubalulekile, ngoba izimbali ze-medlar ziyi-hermaphroditic.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Ungaba nakho mealybugs, aphid kanye fly izithelo. Lezi zinambuzane zilwa nezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo, njenge-diatomaceous earth (iyathengiswa lapha), noma izicupho ezinamathelayo eziphuzi (ziyathengiswa lapha).
Ngokuqondene nezifo, kuthinta i-loquat enamabala (I-Fusicladium eriobrotryae), okubangela amabala ayindilinga ombala omnyama, cishe omnyama avele emagatsheni nasezithelo; kanye ne ibala elinsomi okuyinto, njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, kubangela ukubonakala kwamabala ansomi ezithelweni.
Eyokuqala iphathwa ngama-fungicides asekelwe ethusi (okuthengiswayo lapha) kusukela ekwindla; kanti eyesibili inikeza i-calcium ne-zinc esihlahleni, njengoba ukuntuleka kwalezi zakhi yikho okubangela lesi sifo.
Isibindi
I-medlar ithwala isithwathwa ukuya ku -12ºC, bese ishisa kufika ku-40ºC uma inamanzi.
Ingabe unesibindi sokuba ne-loquat yakho?