Ipomegranate (Punica granatum)

El ipomegranati, ogama lakhe lesayensi ngu IPunica granatum, isihlahla esikhulu noma isihlahla esincane, nakuba sinameva, besilokhu silinywa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo eMedithera. Imelana kakhulu nesomiso, kangangokuthi ingahlala izinyanga ingatholi ngisho iconsi elilodwa lamanzi uma isinesikhathi sokumila izimpande emhlabathini wasengadini; kanye namazinga okushisa asehlobo aphezulu avame ukufika kuleso sifunda, ngokuvamile adlula u-35ºC, awamesabi.

Ngakho-ke kuwuhlobo lwesithelo okufanele lucatshangelwe lapho imvula ingekho, nayo ekhiqiza izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ake sazi.

Umsuka nezimpawu ze IPunica granatum

Ihalananda liwumuthi omncane odabuka eZwenikazi Elidala, elitholakala ngokukhethekile ukusuka e-Iran kuya e-Himalayas, nakuba njengoba sishilo, likhona kulo lonke elaseMedithera, futhi isikhathi eside, lingakwazi ukunikeza umbono wokuthi livela lapho. Ifinyelela ku-5 metres ubude, futhi iyisitshalo esivuthuluka esilahlekelwa amaqabunga ekwindla/ebusika., kuye ngezinga lokushisa endaweni (uma lipholile, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuwalahleka).

Lawa mahlamvu aluhlaza entwasahlobo-ehlobo futhi aphuzi ekwindla, anwetshiwe, angaba amasentimitha angu-7 ubude namasentimitha angu-2 ububanzi, futhi ngokuvamile ahluma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, njengoba ubungozi besithwathwa buyancipha futhi i-mercury ku-thermometer ikhuphuka. . Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho iyaqhakaza, futhi ikwenza lokho ngokukhiqiza izimbali ezibomvu noma ezibomvana ezingaba amasentimitha angu-2 ububanzi Zingaba single noma kabili.

Kamuva, ehlobo, izithelo ziyavuthwa. Lezi ziyindilinga noma zimise okweqanda, cishe amasentimitha angu-5-10 ububanzi ngobude, futhi zinamagxolo awolintshi/abomvu. Ngaphakathi sithola inombolo enkulu yembewu ebomvu, enomumo oyindilinga, okala cishe amamilimitha ayi-15.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze IPunica granatum

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamahalananda, njengalezi:

• I-Alandi: amapomegranati awo aphakathi ngobukhulu futhi anembewu eqinile.
• Mhlophe: Iqanjwe kanje ngoba izithelo zicacile, zine-pulp enombala okhilimu.
• I-Valencian Mollar: Kuyisihlahla esikhulu esinezithelo ezinkulu ezinomumo oyindilinga.
• Isikhandi: Ikhiqiza amahalananda amakhulu abomvu amnyama anembewu eqinile.
• Isimanga: Ingenye yalezo ezikhiqiza izithelo ezinkulu nezinambitheka kangcono.

Ihalananda lisebenza ngani?

I-protagonist yethu isetshenziswa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, njenge Isihlahla sezithelo. Imbewu yayo iyadliwa, futhi empeleni iziphuzo, isiraphu ilungiswa ngayo, futhi ingadliwa isanda kuzalwa ngoba inokunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa ahlobene izakhiwo zokwelapha, njengama-antioxidants, ama-vermifuges, ama-diuretics, nama-antihypertensives. Futhi ngokuphambene nalokho abantu abaningi abakukholelwayo, ihalananda alibangeli ukuqunjelwa; okuphambene kakhulu: isebenza njenge-laxative. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqukethe isilinganiso samagremu angu-4 wefayibha ngamagremu angu-100 esithelo, okungaphezu kwamapheya, isibonelo, anamagremu angu-3.1.

Nokho, akusona nje isitshalo esihle esithela izithelo, kodwa futhi imihlobiso. Iwuhlobo oluthakazelisa kakhulu, ngoba entwasahlobo luba luhle kakhulu lapho luqhakaza, futhi lunganikeza ngisho nomthunzi. Ibekezelela ukuthenwa kahle, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuyikhulisa ebhodweni noma njengebhonsai.

Yini ukunakekelwa okudingayo?

Umuthi wamahalananda yisithombo esingadingi ukunakekelwa kakhulu, kodwa uma kukhona esingakwazi ukukugeja, akulona ilanga. Ngeke lihlale ethunzini; ngisho nasendlini enokukhanya okuningi inezinkinga ezinkulu, njengoba kufanele ihlale ngaphandle, endaweni evulekile. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sicabangele ezinye izinto ukuze kube kuhle:

Indawo

Sithe ilanga alinike, kodwa ukulibeka kuphi? Nokho, into yokuqala okufanele uyazi ukuthi isitshalo esingakwazi ukufinyelela amamitha angu-5 kuphela ubude, kodwa futhi sithuthukise umqhele ongamamitha angu-3 ububanzi. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuzoba phansi, kufanele kutshalwe endaweni encane yamamitha angu-2 ukusuka ezindongeni nasezindongeni., kanye nezinye izitshalo ezinemiqhele ebanzi.

Uma sifuna ukuba nayo ebhodweni, singakwenza, kodwa kuyoba okubaluleke kakhulu ukuyithena ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze silawule ukukhula kwayo., futhi uyitshale ezitsheni ezikhula ngokwengeziwe njalo ngemva kweminyaka emithathu noma engu-3, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zaziyoqeda inhlabathi nesikhala esitholakalayo, futhi lesi sitshalo singayeka ukukhula. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, kwakuyoba buthaka.

Inhlabathi noma i-substrate

• Isibindi: ikhula cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi, kodwa ikhetha leyo ekhipha amanzi ngokushesha.
• Imbiza yezimbali: uma izoba esitsheni, singayitshala endaweni yezitshalo zomhlaba wonke, njengokuthi lokhu.

Ukunisela nokubhalisa

Imvamisa yokunisela izohluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sezulu, futhi nokuthi sinayo ihalananda emhlabathini noma ebhodweni. Futhi yilokho uma isihlale engadini isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, cishe isivele isijwayele futhi idinga ukuniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ngenkathi eyomile.; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isebhodweni, kuzodingeka siyinisele kaningi, sivumele inhlabathi yome kancane phakathi kokunisela okunye nokulandelayo.

Ngokuqondene nobhalisile, kuyafana okufanayo. Uma iphansi, akudingekile ukuyivundisa, kodwa kusebhodweni, njengoba inani lenhlabathi lilinganiselwe futhi izakhi ezikuyo nazo, kufanele zivundiswe ngomanyolo we-organic, njenge. isitibhili, entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Izihlahla

Uma kudingeka, kuzakwenziwa ekwindla. Njengoba iqhakaza entwasahlobo, futhi kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ikhiqiza amapomegranati, sincoma ukuyithena lapho iphelelwa amaqabunga. Ukuze senze lokhu, sizoqeda amagatsha omile nalawo aphukile, sizosusa lawo ahluma engxenyeni engezansi ye-trunk, futhi sizonciphisa ubude bokuphumula ukuze sibe nomqhele ohlangene.

Ukuphindaphinda

Isihlahla sepomegranate siphindaphindwa ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nezinhlobo ngokuxhunyelelwa.

Izinhlupho nezifo

Nakuba kuyisitshalo esimelana kahle, lokho akuvimbi ukuthi sibe nezinambuzane. Empeleni, ingaba nama-aphid, mealybugs, nama-borers. Futhi, amahalananda asengozini yezimpukane zezithelo. Ukuze ulwe nazo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-insecticide emvelo nokunye okunjalo, njenge izicupho ezinamathelayo eziphuzi ezisebenza ngokumelene nezinambuzane ezindizayo, noma umhlaba omnandi okubulala izinambuzane ezimunca ubisi ngokubhoboza imizimba yazo bese zibulawa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Ngokuphathelene nezifo, kunzima ngesihlahla somhalananda okubonakala kahle ukuba sibe nazo. Kodwa uma umhlabathi uminyene kakhulu, futhi/noma uma uniselwe kakhulu, isikhunta se-pathogenic esifana ne-alternaria noma i-phytophthora sizoyithelela.. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kufanele sitshalwe endaweni efanele kanye nasezindaweni ezifanele, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ivunyelwe ukuba yome ngaphambi kokunisela futhi. Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi futhi ewa, kuqala ngalawa aphansi, noma uma esethole amanzi amaningi, kuzodingeka silaphe ngawo. isikhunta.

Isibindi

Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, i IPunica granatum Ingaphila ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zezulu (zesizini): ukusuka e-subtropical naseMedithera, kuya kwezibandayo. Imelana nesithwathwa ukuya ku-10ºC, ukushisa kufika ku-40ºC, isomiso uma sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka sisemhlabeni, nezikhukhula ngezikhathi ezithile (njengalezo ezenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia naseziqhingini zase-Balearic) inqobo nje uma umhlaba ukhipha amanzi ngokushesha. .

Ngenxa yazo zonke lezi zizathu, iwuhlobo olunconywa kakhulu.