I-chestnut yamahhashi (i-Aesculus hippocastanum)

I-chestnut yamahhashi isihlahla esikhulu. Ngamamitha angu-30 ubude, isitshalo esisetshenziswa kakhulu njengesibonelo esizimele. Nakuba ingabuye ibonakale ezimbizeni, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunconywa ukuyitshala emhlabathini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Yize izinga lokukhula kwayo lihamba kancane ngokujwayelekile, lokho akudingekile ukuthi kusenze sikholelwe ukuthi idinga indawo encane. Futhi ukuthi uma isencane inesiqu esincanyana, izimpande zayo zikhula kakhulu futhi ngokushesha. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi sazi ukuthi singayinakekela kanjani ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Yini I-Aesculus hippocastanum?

Kungumuthi ogama lawo ngokwesayensi liyi I-Aesculus hippocastanum, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-chestnut yehhashi noma i-chestnut yamanga, njengoba izithelo zinokufana okuthile nalezo ezikhiqizwa izihlahla zohlobo lwe-Castanea. Itholakala emahlathini ase-Albania, eBulgaria, eGreece nasendaweni eyayiyiYugoslavia, nakuba namuhla ingatholakala emasimini amaningi nasemapaki ezindaweni ezipholile emhlabeni.

Inesiqu esiqondile esingamamitha ambalwa ukuphakama. Umqhele ukala cishe amamitha angu-5 ku-basal circumference futhi wakhiwe amagatsha amaningi lapho amaqabunga esundu ahluma khona., akhiwe amapheshana aluhlaza ayi-5 noma ayi-7. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo. Izimbali zimhlophe futhi ziqoqwe ngama-panicle anesimo se-pyramidal.

Sinjani isithelo se-chestnut yehhashi?

Isithelo, esibizwa nge-horse chestnut, i-capsule evula izingxenye ezintathu ukukhulula imbewu. Lezi zikala cishe amasentimitha angu-5, futhi zinesikhumba esinsundu. Akunakwenzeka ukuyidla ngokuqondile njengoba iqukethe i-esculin, into enobuthi kithi; kodwa kukhona ezinye izilwane ezingadla ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Isetshenziselwa ini i-chestnut yamahhashi?

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum isebenzisa okuningi:

• Umhlobiso: yiyona esabalele kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Isihlahla esikhulu, esinezithelo ezinkulu, esinikeza nomthunzi omningi. Akunconywa ukuyisebenzisa njengothango, ngaphandle uma inde futhi ama-specimens abekwe cishe ngamamitha angu-4 ukusuka komunye nomunye, kodwa ibukeka kahle njengesibonelo esisodwa.
• Ukwelapha: Sishilo ukuthi izithelo azikwazi ukudliwa ngokuqondile, kodwa isikhathi esithile siye sabona imithi yemvelo ye-chestnut yamahhashi, njengama-lotions, ama-creams nama-capsules. Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, ngoba kwandisa ukucindezelwa kwemvelo kwe-vein futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvimbela ukubonakala kwemivimbo ye-varicose.

Yini ukunakekelwa kwe I-Aesculus hippocastanum?

I-chestnut yamahhashi iyisitshalo esihle kakhulu, kodwa indawo lapho izogcinwa khona kufanele ikhethwe ngokucophelela ukuze inani layo lokuhlobisa ligcinwe noma likhuphuke. Ngalesi sizathu, ngezansi sizokhuluma ngokunakekelwa okudingayo:

Indawo

Kubalulekile ukuyigcina ngaphandle, elangeni eligcwele. Hhayi nje ngoba iba yinde kakhulu, kodwa futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ngoba idinga ukuzwa imvula, umoya, ukushisa kwemisebe yelanga, nesithwathwa. Kodwa kuphi ngempela ukubeka?

Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo ingatshalwa ebhodweni, kodwa kuyofika isikhathi (ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi uma ilinganisa imitha eyi-1) lapho kuyodingeka sitshale emhlabathini. Uma ifika, izotuswa kakhulu ukuyitshala ebangeni elingamamitha amahlanu ukusuka ezindongeni nasezindongeni, futhi cishe amamitha ayishumi ukusuka kumapayipi.

Umhlaba

• Isibindi: the I-Aesculus hippocastanum ayifuni kakhulu. Ikhula kuyo yomibili inhlabathi ene-alkaline kanye ne-acidic kancane. Ayinankinga kakhulu uma iwubumba inqobo nje uma amanzi ephuma kahle.
• Imbiza yezimbali: ebhodweni ingatshalwa nge-substrate yendawo yonke. Manje, lapho isimo sezulu sisezingeni eliphansi ohlangothini olufudumele, njengeMedithera, ngincoma ukuthi ngikhule nge-sandy substrates njenge-akadama. Ngale ndlela, uzobona ukuthi izimpande zingcono kakhulu, okuzoyisiza ikhule kahle ngosuku ofuna ukuyibeka engadini.

Ukunisela

Isihlahla se-chestnut yehhashi sifuna amanzi amaningi. Ihlushwa kakhulu isomiso, ngakho kufanele uwunisele njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Kule nkathi, futhi kuye ngezimo zezulu, kungase kudingeke ukuchelela okungenani kathathu ngesonto, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusebhodweni noma emhlabathini.

Ekwindla nasebusika, uma lina njalo, ukuchelela kungahlukaniswa, njengoba inhlabathi ithatha isikhathi eside ukomisa, futhi njengoba isihlahla singakhuli kulezi zinyanga, amanzi aso adinga ukuncipha kancane.

Umbhalisile

Ngenkathi ikhula, izothakazelisa futhi kuhle ukuyikhokha. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa, noma nini lapho kungenzeka, umanyolo we-organic, ngoba lokhu kuzoba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zomhlaba. Yiziphi ongazisebenzisa? Kuningi okuzoba usizo, isibonelo: i-mulch, umquba, i-humus, umquba (omile).

Okuwukuphela kwento ukuthi uma isebhodweni, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukugeleza komhlabathi ekubeni kubi kakhulu.

Ukuphindaphinda

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu. Lezi kumele zitshalwe ebusika, ngaphandle, njengoba zidinga ukubanda ukuze ziqhume. Sifaka eyodwa noma ezimbili ebhodweni lenhlabathi yezithombo, futhi ake imvelo ithathe inkambo yayo. Yiqiniso, ukuze ugweme izifo, kuhle ukwengeza isibabule esincane esiyimpuphu. Ngakho-ke isikhunta ngeke sivele.

Uma zikwazi ukusebenza, zizohluma entwasahlobo ezingeni lokushisa elingu-15-20ºC, kuphela ngemva kokuchayeka emakhazeni.

Ukufakelwa

Kufanele uyifake entwasahlobongaphambi kokuba amaqabunga awo ahlume. Kuyokwenziwa kuphela uma izimpande ziphuma emigodini ebhodweni, noma uma isivele iphelelwe indawo, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zezimpande zizohlukana futhi zibe yinkinga, ngoba kwakuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuthi liphinde liqale. ukukhula kwawo.

Uma ufuna ukuyitshala emhlabathini, kuhle ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ilinganisa okungenani amasentimitha angu-50, ngoba lapho ukuphakama kungabonakala; okungukuthi, kulula ukuyihlukanisa kwezinye izitshalo. Ngize ngalinda isikhathi eside, kwaze kwaba yimitha eyi-1 ubude, ngoba isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu, ebengisitshala kusukela ngo-2008, futhi bengifuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi kuzolunga.

Izihlahla

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum akufanele ithenwe. Akayidingi.

Izinambuzane

Kungathinteka lepidoptera. Ngokuqondile fascia pammene, UZeuzera pyrina, I-Lymanthria ihlukile, futhi abanye Cydia, like the cydia spendana futhi i I-Cydia igcwele. Zonke zidala umonakalo emaqabunga, zishiya amabala amhlophe ama-zig-zag, imipheme emagatsheni, futhi zicekela phansi izithelo.

Lapho indawo ezungezile ishisa kakhulu futhi yomile ngeke kumangaze uma ibinayo I-Woodlouse. Kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga enkulu.

Izifo

Izifo kufanele zisikhathaze ngaphezu kwezinambuzane. Zintathu, futhi zontathu zingabangela ukufa kwesifanekiso uma singelashwa ngesikhathi. Lezi izi:

• I-Chestnut anthracnose: kubangelwa ukhunta I-Mycosphaerella maculiformis, futhi aphendule amathiphu amaqabunga abe nsundu. Ezibonelweni zabantu abadala, zibangela ukubonakala kwamaqhubu esiqwini. Kokubili ukuvimbela nokwelapha kufanele kuphathwe ngama-systemic fungicides. Ulwazi oluningi.
• isifo se-chestnut: ngolunye ukhunta, i I-Cryphonectria parasitica, ekhiqiza izimbobo egxolweni lamagatsha nesiqu. Iwuhlobo lwezilwane ezingavamile futhi ezihlaselayo, iphinde yafakwa ohlwini lwezingu-100 eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuyimbangela yokufa kwezihlahla eziningi ze-chestnut zamahhashi kanye nezihlahla ze-chestnut enyakatho yeSpain.
• Uyinki wesitshulu: kubangelwa ukhunta I-Phytopthora cinnamomi. Ikhiqiza ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga, ukubola kwezimpande ngisho nokuwa kwezithelo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kokubili ukuvimbela nokwelapha, ama-systemic fungicides kufanele asetshenziswe.

Isibindi

El I-Aesculus hippocastanum imelana kuze kube -20ºC. Futhi amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-35ºC awayilimaza uma igcina isikhathi futhi ingenawo amanzi. Ingahlala kuphela ezindaweni lapho izinkathi zonyaka zimakwe kahle.

Ucabangeni nge-chestnut yamahhashi?