I-Araucaria

Kukhona ama-conifers amakhulu kulo lonke iplanethi, kodwa i-araucaria kukhona, kuzo zonke ezisetshenziswa izingadi, omunye ethandwa kakhulu. Nakuba zivame ukukhula kancane, lezi zitshalo zinhle kusukela ebusheni bazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe kushiwo okuthile okuthakazelisayo, okuwukuthi ziyizihlahla umsuka wazo uhlehlela emuva enkathini ye-Triassic, okungukuthi, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-250 edlule.

Zinenhle futhi zibabazekayo, kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi kunconywa kakhulu ukuzitshala zodwa ukuze, lapho sezivuthiwe, ube nombono ojwayelekile ngazo futhi, ngakho-ke, ungawancoma kangcono.

Ikhula kuphi i-araucaria?

I-Araucaria iyi-evergreen conifers ukuthi, nakuba yake yakhula kokubili eMelika nase-Eurasia, okwamanje abantu bakhona baseNingizimu Melika (ukuba nembe kakhulu, eChile, e-Argentina, e-Uruguay naseBrazil) nase-Oceania.

Ziyizihlahla ezikala amamitha angu-30 noma ngaphezulu, ezinamacembe angaba banzi noma abe mancane kuye ngokuthi ziwuhlobo luni, futhi izithelo zazo ziyizigaxa ezilinganiselwa kumasentimitha angu-10.

Izinhlobo ze-Araucaria

Kukholelwa ukuthi cishe kunezinhlobo ezingamashumi amathathu ze-araucaria, kodwa zimbalwa kakhulu ezitshalwa ukusetshenziswa kokuhlobisa. Yiqiniso kunezizathu zalokhu: kukhona ama-conifers akhula ngokushesha, njengamaphayini, kodwa ake ngikutshele ukuthi ubuhle bomunye nomunye buhlukile. Uma ufuna ukuba nengadi egqamayo ngokuhlukile, kuhle kakhulu ukuba ne-araucaria, noma ikhula kancane, kunophayini noma esinye isihlahla esivamile.

Isibonelo, izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu engadini yilezi ezilandelayo:

I-Araucaria araucana

Ithola amagama ajwayelekile e-araucaria noma i-pehuén pine, futhi iwuhlobo lwe-autochthonous lwePatagonia yase-Argentina. Esimweni esidala, singamamitha angama-50 ubude futhi amagatsha awo omqhele amamitha ambalwa ukusuka phansi.. Iphila iminyaka engaba yi-1000, futhi imelana nesithwathwa esisesilinganisweni.

I-Araucaria bidwillii

Kuyi-Australian araucaria, isihlahla esidabuka eQueensland (Australia) esaziwa nge-bunya pine. Isiqu sayo siqondile futhi singaba ngamamitha angama-40 ukuphakama.. Inkomishi ayijwayelekile kakhulu, icishe ifane nephiramidi phezulu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza futhi amelana neqhwa. Ingakhula endaweni epholile, amazinga okushisa ehle aze afike ku -12ºC.

I-Araucaria columnaris

Kuyi-araucaria ye-columnar bearing, noma i-columnar araucaria. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Hook pine, nakuba ingahlobene ne-pinaceae. Ingakala cishe ngamamitha angama-60 ukuphakama, futhi njengoba ungase usole egameni layo, inomqhele omncane. Iwuhlobo olutholakala e-New Caledonia, futhi namuhla itshalwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezipholile nezinokushisa okupholile kwasebusika.

I-Araucaria cunninghamii

Ngolimi oludumile, le conifer yaziwa ngokuthi i-Australian araucaria noma i-Australian araucaria. Isiqu sawo siphakama sifike ku-60 metres ukuphakama, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwakheka inkomishi eyipyramidal. Amakhaza awalimazi, kodwa wesaba isithwathwa esinamandla.

I-Araucaria heterophylla

La I-Araucaria heterophylla yileyo ngaphambili eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-araucaria excelsa, futhi yileyo ethola igama likaphayini wezitezi ngenxa yomqhele wawo oyisici. Kudabuka eNorfolk Island (Australia) kungaba ngamamitha ayi-50 ubude. Kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu njengesihlahla sasendlini, umkhuba onganconywa ngokuphelele ngoba udinga ukukhanya okukhulu. Ihlala kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo nezipholile ezinobusika obupholile.

Uyinakekela kanjani i-araucaria?

I-araucaria iyi-conifer edinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Asikwazi ukusho ukuthi isitshalo esihlanganisa yonke indawo, kodwa akunzima ngokweqile ukusinakekela. Uma uthenge ikhophi, manje sizokutshela ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze uyenze ibe yinhle:

Okokuqala, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi i-conifer engadlula ukuphakama kwendlu, futhi idinga ukukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke. okufanele sikwenze ukuyibeka ngaphandle. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele itshalwe engadini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, enhlabathini ecebile futhi ekhishwe kahle, kodwa singakhetha futhi ukukhulisa i-araucaria embizeni esizoyigcwalisa nge-substrate elungiselelwe izitshalo eziluhlaza (ezithengiswayo). lapha) iminyaka ethile.

Uma sikhuluma ngokunisela, i-araucaria kufanele iniselwe kuphela uma kungenamvula futhi umhlaba uhlala womile isikhathi eside.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isemhlabeni, njengoba ikhula izothola amandla, izojwayelana kakhulu futhi ngeke idinge ukuniselwa njalo. Kodwa kuze kufike lolo suku, kuhle ukunisela njalo, unyaka wonke, kodwa ikakhulukazi ehlobo.

Ngokufanayo, kuhle ukuyivundisa ngesikhathi sayo sokukhula. Lokhu kuhambisana nezinyanga ezifudumele zonyaka, njengoba amakhaza ehlisa ijubane. Futhi yini okufanele igqoke? Nokho, isibonelo, umanyolo wemvelo wemvelaphi yezilwane, njengomquba noma i-guano.

Njengoba ubonile, ama-araucaria yizihlahla ezinhle kakhulu.