Isithombe – Wikimedia/Ronnie Nijboer
I-elm yaseShayina isihlahla esikhula kancane kancane esikhula ngokushesha., futhi lokho kuphinde kukwazi ukwenza isithunzi esibalulekile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyisitshalo esithakazelisayo ukutshala endaweni enkulu, nakuba kungase kube kwesincane uma sithenwa njalo, ngoba uma singenziwanga, cishe sizogcina sithatha ukukhanya kwezinye izitshalo. zikhula eduze.
Ngakho-ke, uma ngokwesibonelo uzibuza ukuthi ungayikhulisa yini ebhodweni kusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami , ngizothi yebo, kodwa khumbula nje ukuthi kufanele ulawule ukukhula kwayo. Noma kunjalo, uma unethuba, into engcono kakhulu ukuthi uyitshale emhlabathini ngoba yilapho ingaba isihlahla esikhulu futhi esihle.
Uphuma kuphi?
I-elm yaseShayina, njengoba negama layo libonisa, Itholakala eChina, kodwa futhi ivela eJapane, kokubili eKorea (eNyakatho naseNingizimu), naseVietnam. Indawo yayo ingamahlathi apholile kulawa mazwe, nakuba ingase ikhule ibe yodwa ngandlela thize, endaweni ephakeme phakathi kwamamitha angu-0 no-400 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Ngenxa yalokho, Isekela kokubili ihlobo elishisa kakhulu, elinamazinga okushisa angu-30-40ºC, nobusika obuneqhwa eliphawulekayo.. Eqinisweni, uma nje i-thermometer yehla ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-0 ngesikhathi esithile futhi ingeqi ku-40ºC, izokwazi ukukhula ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu.
Isebenzani?
Kungumuthi ukuthi esetshenziswa njengesitshalo sasengadini, njengoba inikeza umthunzi omningi futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, iba yinhle ekwindla. Kodwa-ke, futhi ingenye esebenza kakhulu njenge bonsai, ngoba ikubekezelela ukuthena kahle kakhulu.
Injani i-elm yaseShayina?
I-protagonist yethu Isihlahla esinamaqabunga amancane (okungukuthi, asilahlekelwa yiwo wonke amaqabunga aso) ubude baso bungamamitha angama-20.. Isiqu sivamise ukuvuleka sibe imitha elilodwa ububanzi phansi, kanti amagxolo awo anombala ompunga. Umqhele ubanzi, wakhiwe ngamaqabunga alula, amise okweqanda, futhi aphenduka abebomvu ngokushesha nje lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ekwindla noma ebusika.
Izimbali zayo zincane, isizathu esivame ukunganakwa, kanye nama-hermaphrodites. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziluhlaza noma zimhlophe ngombala. Ahluma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, futhi athele ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, akhiqize ama-samara ayisicaba, ansundu.
Igama layo lesayensi ngu Ulmus parvifolia; nokho, kusavame ukwaziwa ngu I-Zelkova parvifolia, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kwaziwa ukuthi akayena uZelkova.
Uyinakekela kanjani i-elm yesiShayina?
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Bidgee
Kungumuthi ukuthi udinga ukuba sendaweni enkulu, njengoba kungenjalo ngeke ikwazi ukukhula ngendlela esingathanda ngayo. Kanjalo nezulu kumele libe nesizotha ngoba uma lisendaweni eshisayo njengoba ungekho isithwathwa lihlale linamahlamvu, into ezogcina seyidlalile ngoba njengoba ngike ngasho, isihlahla esimila kancane. Idinga ukulahlekelwa ingxenye yamahlamvu awo ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka ukuze ikwazi ukuya ekuphumuleni futhi ibe namandla okuqalisa kabusha ukukhula kwayo entwasahlobo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka sikunikeze lokhu kunakekelwa, uma kunesidingo:
Indawo
El Ulmus parvifolia isihlahla ukuthi iyohlala ingaphandle, futhi ichayeke elangeni eliqondile. Ngiphinde ngitusa ukuyitshala emhlabathini uma unethuba, cishe amafidi angamashumi amathathu ukusuka phansi egandayiwe, amapayipi, nezinye izinto engase iphule.
Ayikhethi uma kukhulunywa ngenhlabathi, njengoba ikhula kahle ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu. Kodwa-ke, uma iminyene kakhulu futhi/noma isinda kakhulu, kuyancomeka ukwenza umgodi wokutshala ongu-1 x 1 mitha, bese ukwazi ukuwugcwalisa nge-universal substrate.
Enye inketho kungaba ukuyifaka ebhodweni, kodwa kulokhu cabanga ukuthi kuzodingeka uyifake kabusha ngemvamisa ethile - njalo lapho izimpande ziphuma ngezimbobo ezikuyo-, futhi uzithene.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kuzokwenziwa uma kwenzeka lingani. Kuyoba okubaluleke kakhulu uma ikhulile ebhodweni, ngoba kulezi zimo inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama isikhathi esincane. Njengenjwayelo, kuyodingeka igaywe kabusha lapho sibona ukuthi umhlaba womile, noma ucishe womile. Akumele silinde ukuthi iqale ukuqhekeka, ngoba ukwenza kanjalo kuzokwenza kube nzima ukuthi iphinde imunce amanzi.
Uma sizofaka i-elm ebhodweni, esizokwenza ukuthela amanzi kuyo ize iphume ngezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-substrate ingawumunceli, esingakwenza ukucwilisa ibhodwe esitsheni esinamanzi bese silishiya lapho cishe imizuzu engama-30 noma ngaphezulu. Ngale ndlela, lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukuqeda ukoma kwaso ngendlela evamile.
Ukuphindaphinda
El Ulmus parvifolia iphindaphindeka ngembewu, kanye nangokusikwa entwasahlobo. Owokuqala ungahlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezine-substrate yendawo yonke njenge lokhu isibonelo, futhi zizoqhuma ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa (imvamisa isonto noma amabili).
Ama-cuttings athathwa emagatsheni anempilo, futhi kufanele abe okungenani amasentimitha angama-30 ubude. Ngemuva kwalokho, isisekelo sifakwe ama-hormone e-rooting (ayathengiswa lapha), zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezine-vermiculite (ziyathengiswa lapha) noma i-peat, futhi ziphuziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zingomi. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-15 zizoqala ukukhipha izimpande.
Izihlahla
ukuthenwa kwe-elm kwenzeka ekupheleni kobusika. Uma isikhathi sifika, amagatsha omile naphukile ayasuswa, futhi ithuba lithathwa ukunquma lezo ezidingekayo ukuze isihlahla sibe nomqhele ongaphezulu noma ongaphansi.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Isithombe – Wikimedia/そらみみ
Nakuba imelana kakhulu, lezi zinambuzane zingayithinta: ama-spider mite, ama-borer, ama-aphid, izimpukane ezimhlophe kanye nama-mealybugs. Futhi ngokuqondene nezifo, ukugqwala kanye ne-grafiosis yizo ezingathinta kakhulu.
Isibindi
Imelana namazinga okushisa ehle aze afike ku-18ºC, kanye nobukhulu obufika ku-35-40ºC uma unamanzi onawo.
Uthini umbono wakho nge-elm yaseShayina?