Magnolia

Iindidi zemithi kunye nezihlahla ezizezodidi Magnolia Zizo ezo iintyatyambo zazo, ngokubanzi, zinkulu, zinemibala ethambileyo kwaye zintle kakhulu, nazo zinevumba elimnandi. Bathatha ixesha labo ukukhula, kodwa ngaphandle koku, akuthathi xesha lide ukuba baqale ukuqhakaza.

Ukuza kuthi, Zimalunga ne-XNUMX iintlobo ezichazwe., ekubeni bebaninzi kubo -inkoliso yabo, eneneni; nangona kukho ezinye ezihlala ziluhlaza njengoko siza kubona ngoku.

Yintoni i-magnolia?

I-Magnolia luhlobo lwemithi kunye nezihlahla ezihlala eMelika (ngokukodwa ukusuka empuma kuMntla Melika ukuya eMzantsi Melika), kunye nakuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Sinokuthi zizityalo zamandulo, ekubeni isaziwa loo nto ookhokho babo baqalisa indaleko yabo malunga neminyaka eyi-170 yezigidi eyadlulayo (unolwazi oluninzi apha, ucofa iMagnoliales).

Izinga lokukhula kwayo, njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni kwenqaku, licotha kakhulu, likwazi ukukhula malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ngonyaka kuphela kwezona meko zintle zokukhula. Zivelisa isiqu esikwazi ukuphumela kumgama omfutshane ukusuka emhlabeni., ukwenza ikomityi ebanzi, ububanzi bayo buphakathi kweemitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.

Amagqabi alula okanye alobekile, ngokuqhelekileyo makhulu kwaye aluhlaza. Zihluma kwi-spiral, kwaye Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, ziwela ebusika, okanye zenza njalo unyaka wonke.

Iintyatyambo zayo zinokuba yimazi, inkunzi, okanye zibe namalungu esini omabini avuthwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.. Zilingana ne-30 yeesentimitha ububanzi, kwaye zimhlophe, zimhlophe-pinki, okanye umthunzi othile opinki. Nje ukuba zihlume, into eziyenzayo entwasahlobo, zihlala zivulekile iintsuku ezimbalwa.

Isiqhamo sinokuba nzima okanye sithambe kancinci, kwaye siqulathe imbewu emalunga ne 2-3 centimeters.

Yintoni na?

Ngoku makhe sithethe malunga nokusetyenziswa okunikwa i-magnolias okanye i-magnolias. Eyokuqala kwaye ithandwa kakhulu yi mhlobiso. Zizityalo ezineentyantyambo zobuhle obukhulu kunye nobuhle, nazo zenza umthunzi opholileyo xa zikhulile.

Kwiindawo zabo zemvelaphi zinezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezifana ne ukwakha izindlu, ukuchwela okanye umsebenzi wokudibanisa; okanye njengesityalo sonyango. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyathakazelisa ukuthetha ukuba eSpeyin sele sele kukho i-tea sachets yokunyuswa okanye iintyatyambo ze-magnolia ezomileyo, ezineempawu ze-anxiolytic.

Iindidi zeMagnolia

Okulandelayo uya kubona iintlobo eziphambili zeMagnolia, ezona zilinywa kakhulu:

IMagnolia denudata

La IMagnolia denudata, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiyulan magnolia, ngumthi ovuthulukayo ophuma eTshayina. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-15 ukuphakama, neentyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, malunga neesentimitha ezili-15 ububanzi.

IMagnolia grandiflora

La IMagnolia grandiflora yimagnolia engapheliyo, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-magnolia okanye i-magnolia eqhelekileyo. Luhlobo lwemveli yasemzantsi-mpuma weUnited States ekwalinywa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Unokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-30 ukuphakama, kwaye uphuhlise isithsaba seemitha ezininzi ububanzi. Iintyatyambo zayo zinkulu kakhulu, malunga nemitha ububanzi, kwaye zimhlophe.

IMagnolia kobus

IMagnolia kobus ngumthi ovuthulukayo ophuma eJapan, wona ifikelela kwiimitha ezi-20 ukuphakama. Isithsaba sayo sibanzi kakhulu, kwaye sikwanamasebe kumgama omfutshane kakhulu ukusuka emhlabeni. Iintyatyambo zayo nazo zimhlophe, kwaye zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezilishumi ububanzi.

IMagnolia liliiflora

Luhlobo olwaziwa ngamagama omthi wenyibiba okanye itulip magnolia, kuba iintyatyambo zawo ziyafana nezezi zityalo (iinyibiba kunye neetulips). Ezi zipinki, kwaye zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezilishumi ububanzi. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-4 ukuphakama, kwaye sisityalo sokuvuthuluka esiphuma eTshayina.

magnolia officinalis

La magnolia officinalis luhlobo lweMagnolia evuthulukayo ehlala kwimimandla yeentaba yaseTshayina. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-20 ubude, kwaye amagqabi ayo aluhlaza, ukuya kwi-30-35 centimeters ubude. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, kwaye zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ububanzi.

IMagnolia sieboldii

ISiebold's magnolia ngumthi ovuthulukayo ovela eMpuma Asia. Ikhula phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-10 yeemitha ukuphakama, kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, malunga neesentimitha ezilishumi ububanzi. Ukongezelela, ine-stamens ebomvu.

IMagnolia stellata

Inkwenkwezi magnolia sisihlahla esinamagqabi avuthulukayo ezalelwa eJapan ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-3 ukuphakama. Amagqabi ayo alula kwaye aluhlaza, kwaye iintyatyambo zipinki, malunga ne-7-9 centimeters ububanzi.

IMagnolia x soulangeana

I-Soulange magnolia ngumhlanganiselwa wamagqabi afunyanwa ngokuwela IMagnolia denudata y Magnolia lilifolia. Ikhula phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-6 yeemitha ubude, yaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezinokuba mhlophe, mhlophe-pinki, okanye zibe mhlophe ngaphakathi zize zibepinki oqaqambileyo ngaphandle. Ezi zinokufikelela kwi-10 yeesentimitha ububanzi.

ivirginian magnolia

La ivirginian magnolia Ngumthi ofumaneka kumzantsi-mpuma we-United States, kwaye unokuphulukana namagqabi awo ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Inokudideka kunye noM. grandiflora, kodwa iintyatyambo zokugqibela zikhulu kakhulu; enyanisweni, balinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 ububanzi ngaphezu kwezo zeM. virginiana. Inokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-30 ubude.

Yintoni ukhathalelo lwemagnolia?

Phambi kokuthenga nokuba mnye umzekelo, kucetyiswa kakhulu (ndingatsho nokuba kuyimfuneko) ukufumanisa malunga nokhathalelo olufunwa lolu hlobo lwesityalo. Kwaye inyaniso kukuba, ukuba asiyenzi ngolo hlobo, kuya kubakho amathuba amahle okuba sigqibe ekubeni sichithe imali kwisityalo esinokuthi, nangona singanyanzelisi kakhulu kwezinye izinto, kodwa kwezinye izinto. Umzekelo:

sezulu

I-Magnolias, njengoko ubonile, inokuba yi-deciduous okanye i-evergreen. Eyokuqala yilabo abahlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kunye / okanye ezibandayo (kungekhona kwiindawo eziphakamileyo), kwaye ngoko ke zibonakaliswe kumaqondo okushisa aphantsi ekwindla nasebusika; aba bamva, kwelinye icala, bahlala kwiindawo ezishushu, ngoko akufuneki ukuba baphulukane nawo onke amagqabi abo xa ingqele ifika, ekubeni amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba angaqhubeka ewagcina.

Ngoko ke, Ukuba imozulu kwindawo yakho ishushu, njengeMeditera ngokomzekelo, kuya kucetyiswa ngakumbi ukuba ufumane i-magnolia ehlala iluhlaza.njenge IMagnolia grandiflora, kunesihlahla esinamagqabi. Ndineentlobo zombini, eMallorca (kunye namaqondo obushushu anokufikelela kwi-39ºC ngexesha lobushushu, kwaye ehle aye kwi--1,5ºC kwigagasi elibandayo), kwaye ngelixa i-M. grandiflora ihlala intle ehlotyeni, i-deciduous, kwelinye icala. , unexesha elibi kakhulu.

Umhlaba ofanelekileyo we-magnolias kwigadi

Ekuqaleni, ezi zityalo khula kumhlaba oneasidi, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba sizityale egadini kuphela xa umhlaba esinawo unje, oneasidi, one pH ephakathi kwe 4 ne 6. Ukuba kwindawo esihlala kuyo kukho iimephu zaseJapan, i-camellias, i-azaleas, okanye ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ze-asidi kwaye zibukeka ziphilile, akusayi kubakho mathandabuzo ukuba nathi singayenza, kodwa kwimeko yamathandabuzo eyona nto ingcono ongayenza kukufumanisa i-pH yomhlaba, umzekelo. ngemitha efana enye.

Ukuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umhlaba unobumba, njengoko i-pH yayo i-7 okanye ngaphezulu, andikucebisi ukuba utyale nayiphi na i-magnolia kuyo., ekubeni kamsinya nje ukuba iingcambu zichukumise loo mhlaba, amagqabi ayejika abe tyheli, abe yi<em>chlorotic. Nangona inokuphetshwa ngokuyihlawula ngesichumiso kwizityalo ezine-acidic, yongeza i-coconut fiber okanye i-blonde peat emhlabeni, ekubeni isityalo esiba sikhulu, ekugqibeleni kulungeleka ngakumbi ukuba ube nayo embizeni.

Umhlaba ufaneleke ngakumbi kwabo bakhule kwiimbiza

Xa sinomdla, okanye xa singenayo enye into ngaphandle kokuba sibe nabo embizeni, siya kuzityala kwezo zinomlinganiselo omalunga neesentimitha ezilishumi ububanzi nobude kunezo zazinazo ngelo xesha.. Ukongeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ezi zinemingxuma yokukhupha amanzi, kuba bebengayi kuphila ixesha elide ukuba bebengenayo, kuba abaxhasi amanzi angaphezulu.

nayo, njenge-substrate kufuneka sicinge ngokubeka enye yezityalo ze-asidi (kwintengiso apha), okanye ifayibha yekhokhonathi (iyathengiswa apha), ene-pH efanelekileyo ye-magnolias.

Unkcenkceshelo

Kufuneka bafumane amanzi rhoqo unyaka wonke. Ngexesha lokuqala kunye nehlobo kufuneka uqaphele ngakumbi, ekubeni ngelo xesha bakhula (ngaphandle kokuba amaqondo okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, apho kuya kuba yimfuneko ukusela amanzi, kungekhona ukuze bakhule, kodwa kunokuba baphile, bagweme ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni).

Amanzi esiya kuwasebenzisa aya kuba ngamanzi emvula nanini na xa sinethuba lokwenza oko.; ukuba oku akunjalo, sinokusebenzisa amanzi amatsha okanye asebhotileni, alungele ukusetyenziswa.

Umbuzo ngulo: kufuneka unkcenkceshe nini? Kulungile ukuba akunethi, siya kuyenza izihlandlo eziliqela ngeveki, ngaphandle kwasebusika apho kuya kuba xa sibeka iingozi.

Khulisa i-magnolias

kwiimagnolias kufuneka zichunyiswe nanini na xa zisezimbizeni, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba zenjenjalo ukuba zisegadini.. Kwimeko yokuqala, siya kubahlawula ngezichumisi ezingamanzi zezityalo acid ezifana enye, yaye okwesibini -ukuba umhlaba acidic-, singongeza izichumisi granulated okanye umgubo ezifana Guano okanye umgquba, umzekelo.

Ixesha lokuchumisa liya kuqala entwasahlobo, emva kokuba iqabaka idlula, kwaye iya kugqiba ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekwindla, ngokukhawuleza ukuba amaqondo obushushu aqala ukuhla.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Magnolias inokuphindaphindwa ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Imbewu, ekufuneka ihlwayelwe ngaphandle ekwindla.
• Iinqunqa ezinemiqobo, ezithathwe kumasebe aphilileyo ekupheleni kwebusika / ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Ubeko lwasemoyeni, olwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kumasebe aneminyaka enye okanye emibini ubudala.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, kukho i-magnolias e-rustic ngakumbi kunabanye. Umzekelo, ezo zivuthulukayo zilungele ukuhlala kwindawo apho ikwindla kunye nobusika bubanda, kodwa ukuba uzikhulisela kwiindawo apho ihlobo lishushu kakhulu, azinakukwazi ukumelana nako (okanye kuya kubabiza kakhulu. ). Okuphikisanayo, Izityalo ezihlala ziluhlaza zimelana nobushushu bhetele kunengqele.

Nangona zonke zixhathisa iqabaka kunye nokuwa kwekhephu, asikokuxhathisa ingqele kuphela ekufuneka sikujonge. Inye IMagnolia grandiflora Imelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi -18ºC kakuhle, ngokwamaphepha ewebhu aliqela ekujongwene nawo, kwaye ngokwam amava ndingakuxelela ukuba amaza obushushu (okanye uninzi lwenzeka ngexesha elifutshane) olunamaxabiso aphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-39ºC. kwaye ubuncinci be-22 abuyonzakalisi -24ºC; ngokuchaseneyo, enye IMagnolia kobus Iyakubamba ukuya kuthi ga kwi -20ºC, mhlawumbi nangaphantsi, kodwa ukuyikhulisa kwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe 30ºC ehlotyeni kuya kuba nzima kakhulu.

I-magnolia isityalo esihle kakhulu, apho ndiyathemba ukuba ufunde lukhulu ngokufunda eli nqaku.