Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Ronnie Nijboer
I-elm yaseTshayina ngumthi ophantse wavuthuluka okhula ngesantya esikhawulezayo., kwaye iphinda ikwazi ukwenza iprojekthi yesithunzi esibalulekileyo. Ngesi sizathu, sisityalo esinomdla ukutyala kwisiza esikhulu, nangona sinokuba nakwindawo encinci ukuba sithenwa rhoqo, kuba ukuba asikwenziwanga, siya kugqiba sithathe ukukhanya kwezinye izityalo. zikhula kufutshane.
Ngoko ke, ukuba umzekelo uyazibuza ukuba ungayikhulisa embizeni ukusuka kumava am, ndiya kuthi ewe, kodwa khumbula nje ukuba kufuneka ulawule ukukhula kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unalo ithuba, eyona nto ilungileyo iya kuba kukuba uyityale emhlabeni kuba kulapho inokuba ngumthi omkhulu nomhle.
Usukaphi?
I-elm yaseTshayina, njengoko igama layo libonisa, Ivela eTshayina, kodwa ikwavela eJapan, zombini eKorea (eMantla naseMzantsi), naseVietnam. Indawo ehlala kuyo ngamahlathi apholileyo kula mazwe, nangona isenokukhula ibe yodwa, kumphakamo ophakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-400 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.
Ngenxa yoko, Ixhasa ihlobo elishushu kakhulu, kunye namaqondo obushushu angama-30-40ºC, kunye nobusika obunekhephu elikhulu.. Enyanisweni, nje ukuba i-thermometer yehla ngaphantsi kwe-0 degrees ngexesha elithile kwaye ayidluli i-40ºC, iya kukwazi ukukhula ngaphandle kwengxaki enkulu.
Isebenzisa ntoni?
Ngumthi esetyenziswa njengesityalo sasegadi, njengoko inika umthunzi omningi kwaye, ngaphezu koko, iba yinhle ekwindla. Nangona kunjalo, ikwayenye yezona zisebenza kakhulu bonsai, kuba iyakunyamezela ukuthena kakuhle.
Injani i-elm yaseTshayina?
Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili Ngumthi onamagqabi anesiqingatha (oko kukuthi, awuphulukani namagqabi awo onke) ubude bawo buziimitha ezingama-20.. Isiqu sithande ukunaba ukuya kutsho kwimitha ububanzi emazantsi awo, kwaye amaxolo awo angwevu ngombala. Isithsaba sibanzi, senziwe ngamagqabi alula, amile okweqanda, kwaye ajika abebomvu ngokukhawuleza xa amaqondo obushushu ehla ekwindla okanye ebusika.
Iintyatyambo zayo zincinci, isizathu sokuba basoloko bengaqatshelwa, kunye neehermaphrodites. Ukongezelela, ziluhlaza okanye zimhlophe ngombala. Zintshula ekupheleni kwehlobo, kwaye zichume kwakamsinya emva koko, zivelise iisamara ezimcaba, ezimdaka ngebala.
Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu Ulmus parvifolia; nangona kunjalo, isaziwa rhoqo ngu Zelkova parvifolia, nangona kwaziwa ukuba akayena uZelkova.
Uyikhathalela njani i-elm yaseTshayina?
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / Bidgee
Ngumthi kufuneka ube kwindawo enkulu, ekubeni kungenjalo ayisayi kukwazi ukukhula ngendlela ebesiya kuthanda ngayo. Ngokunjalo, imozulu kufuneka ibe nemozulu epholileyo, kuba ukuba ikwitropikhi, kuba kungekho qabaka iya kuhlala inamagqabi, nto leyo enokuphelela ekubeni ichaphazeleke ngenxa yokuba, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ngumthi oxandileyo. Kufuneka ilahlekelwe yinxalenye yamagqabi awo ngexesha elithile enyakeni ukuze ikwazi ukuya kuphumla kwaye ibe namandla okuphinda ikhule entwasahlobo.
Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka sikubonelele ngolu khathalelo, ukuba kuyimfuneko:
Ubicación
El Ulmus parvifolia ngumthi iya kuhlala ingaphandle, kwaye ichaneke kukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Ndikwacebisa ukuba uyityale emhlabeni ukuba unethuba, malunga neemitha ezingamashumi amathathu ukusuka kwimigangatho egangathiweyo, imibhobho, kunye nezinye izinto enokuziqhekeza.
Ayikhethi xa isiza kumhlaba, ekubeni ikhula kakuhle nakwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-compact kakhulu kwaye / okanye inzima kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze umngxuma wokutyala we-1 x 1 mitha, kwaye ngoko ukwazi ukuwugcwalisa nge-universal substrate.
Enye inketho iya kuba kukuba nayo embizeni, kodwa kule meko cinga ukuba kuya kufuneka uyifake ngokuphindaphindiweyo - lonke ixesha iingcambu ziphuma ngemingxuma kuyo-, kwaye uyithene.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ukunkcenkceshelwa kuya kwenziwa ukuba akunamvula. Kuya kubaluleka ngakumbi ukuba ikhulile embizeni, kuba kwezi meko umhlaba uhlala ufumile ixesha elincinci. Njengesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka kugalelwe amanzi kwakhona xa sibona ukuba umhlaba womile, okanye uphantse womile. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba silinde ukuba iqalise ukuqhekeka, kuba ukwenza oko kuya kwenza kube nzima ukuba iwafunxe kwakhona amanzi.
Ukuba siya kuba ne-elm embizeni, into esiya kuyenza kukugalela amanzi kuyo de iphume ngemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi. Kwimeko apho i-substrate ayifuni, into esiya kuyenza kukuntywila imbiza kwisitya esinamanzi kwaye siyishiye apho malunga nemizuzu engama-30 okanye njalo. Ngale ndlela, isityalo siya kukwazi ukucima ukoma ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ukuphindaphinda
El Ulmus parvifolia iphindaphindeka ngembewu, kunye nangokusikwa entwasahlobo. Eyangaphambili inokuhlwayelwa kwiimbiza kunye ne-universal substrate efana enye umzekelo, kwaye ziya kuntshula emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa (ngokuqhelekileyo iveki okanye ezimbini).
I-cuttings ithathwa kumasebe aphilileyo, kwaye kufuneka ibe yi-30 centimeters ubude. Ke, isiseko sifakwe iihomoni ze-rooting (zithengiswa apha), zityalwe kwiimbiza ezine-vermiculite (zithengiswa apha) okanye i-peat, kwaye zinkcenkceshelwa ngamaxesha athile ukuze zingomi. Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, malunga neentsuku ezili-15 baya kuqala ukukhupha iingcambu.
Ukuthena
ukuthenwa kweelm kwenzeka ekupheleni kobusika. Xa ixesha lifika, amasebe omileyo kunye aphukileyo ayasuswa, kwaye ithuba lithathwa ukunqumla ezo ziyimfuneko ukuze umthi ube nesithsaba esingaphezulu okanye esincinci.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/そらみみ
Nangona ikwazi ukumelana, ezi zinambuzane zinokuyichaphazela: spider mites, borers, aphid, whiteflies kunye ne-mealybugs. Kwaye ngokumalunga nezifo, i-rust kunye ne-grafiosis zezona zinokuchaphazela kakhulu.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Imelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kwi -18ºC, kunye nobuninzi ukuya kuma-35-40ºC ukuba unamanzi onawo.
Luthini uluvo lwakho nge-elm yaseTshayina?